全部题型 2. 第二部分 专业基础知识
第二部分 专业基础知识
词汇与结构
1． —Wow! You’ve got so many clothes. —But______of them are in fashion now.
A．all
B．both
C．neither
D．none
正确答案：D
解析：考查不定代词的用法。由but可知后句句意发生转折，前句中so many clothes表示“很多”，对其否定用none。
2． Everyone except Tom and John______seen the film.
A．is
B．has
C．are
D．have
正确答案：B
解析：句子中主语含有except，with，as well as等词时，谓语动词不受后面影响，与前面主语保持一致。Everyone是不定代词，谓语动词用单数。
3． —Jolin, how long have you been a teacher as a pop star? —______the end of last month, after John’s English Diary Book came out.
A．Since
B．In
C．By
D．At
正确答案：A
解析：此题易误选C、D。根据上句现在完成时，只能用since。
4． The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor______it a thought.
A．does he even give
B．he even gives
C．will he even give
D．he will even give
正确答案：C
解析：空白处前有否定词“nor”位于句首，句子应该使用部分倒装结构，而且根据语境空白处应使用一般将来时，故选C。
5． That was not the first time he______us. I think it’s high time we______strong actions against him.
A．betrayed: take
B．had betrayed: took
C．has betrayed: took
D．has betrayed: take
正确答案：B
解析：“This／That was the+序数词+time”后的句子，谓语用过去完成时，第一空应填had betrayed。“It is(high／about)time+that从句”结构中其从句的谓语用一般过去时，第二空填took。故选B。
6． —You know Miss Li has been in hospital for days? —Yes. I wonder if she is______better now.
A．some
B．no
C．any
D．much
正确答案：D
解析：此题的四个选项中，只有much可以修饰比较级，故选D。
7． I______in London for many years, but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China.
A．lived
B．was living
C．have lived
D．had lived
正确答案：A
解析：此句考查现在完成时和一般过去时的区别，在本题中，更侧重于对过去事实的描述。故选A。
8． Butterflies______a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.
A．carry on
B．feed on
C．put on
D．focus on
正确答案：B
解析：句意：蝴蝶以花产生的甜液体为食，这些甜液体也是蜜蜂和其他昆虫所要收集的。carry on“继续进行”；feed on“以……为食”；put on“穿上，增加”；focus on“致力于，使聚集于”。故选B。
9． Can you imagine that______little ants can eat______many big worms.
A．so: so
B．such: such
C．such: so
D．so: such
正确答案：C
解析：此题易误选A。本题中little意为“小的”而非“少的”。那么第一空就应该选择such。
10． Butter and cheese______in price.
A．is gone up
B．have gone up
C．are gone up
D．has gone up
正确答案：D
解析：此题容易排除A、B。因为它们是错误结构，Butter and cheese是一种物质而非两种物质。
完形填空
I once found out that doing a favor for someone could get you into trouble. I was in the eighth grade at【C1】______time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl next to me【C2】______something, but I didn’t quite catch it.【C3】______I leaned over her way and found out she was asking me if I could【C4】______her a pen. She showed me that hers was【C5】______ink and【C6】______not write. I【C7】______to have an extra one and I handed it to her. After the test papers had been【C8】______, the teacher asked me to stay in the room. As soon as we were【C9】______, she began to talk to me about【C10】______it meant to grow up, and how important it was to stand【C11】______your own feet. For a long time, she talked about the importance of【C12】______and the harm of cheating, she made me【C13】______that I would think seriously about what she’d said. I kept【C14】______for quite a while why she had to talk to me about all those things. Later, I found out that she【C15】______I had done some cheating in the test, and【C16】______answers from the girl’s test paper. I managed to【C17】______about the pen, but she said【C18】______seemed very wrong to her that I didn’t mentioned anything about it【C19】______she talked to me right after the test. I am sure she continued to believe that I had cheated in the【C20】______of the test.
11． 【C1】
A．any
B．a
C．the
D．one
正确答案：C
解析：at one time意为“同时，曾经”；at the time意为“当时，在那个时候”；at a time意为“每次，在某时”；at any time意为“任何时候”。根据语境可知作者在回忆过去的事情，当时我在八年级，故选C。
12． 【C2】
A．whispered
B．shouted
C．spoke
D．talked
正确答案：A
解析：根据something排除不及物动词shout和talk；speak当及物动词时意为“讲(某种语言)”，不合语境；whisper意为“低声说”，符合语境。
13． 【C3】
A．But
B．Because
C．And
D．So
正确答案：D
解析：考试期间，我邻座的女孩低声说什么，我听不太清楚，所以我俯身朝她那边。so前后的句子是因果关系。
14． 【C4】
A．spare
B．change
C．share
D．borrow
正确答案：A
解析：spare意为“分让”；change意为“兑换”；share意为“共用”；borrow意为“借用”。根据本段末句中的have an extra one可得到提示，故选A。我得知她问我是否能给她腾出一支钢笔。
15． 【C5】
A．without
B．off
C．out of
D．lack
正确答案：C
解析：out of意为“缺乏”。
16． 【C6】
A．would
B．should
C．must
D．might
正确答案：A
解析：would是will的过去时，表示倾向性。她告诉我她的钢笔没有墨水，就要写不出字来了。又如：Matches will not strike if they are damp．火柴潮湿就擦不着。
17． 【C7】
A．used
B．happened
C．seemed
D．found
正确答案：B
解析：happen to意为“偶然，碰巧”。我碰巧有额外的一支并递给了她。
18． 【C8】
A．handed over
B．handed out
C．handed around
D．handed in
正确答案：D
解析：hand over意为“移交”；hand out意为“分发”；hand around意为“传递，分发”；hand in意为“交上”。根据上下文语境可知，考试结束后老师让我留在教室里，因此是交卷以后，故选D。
19． 【C9】
A．lonely
B．together
C．alone
D．both
正确答案：C
解析：根据此空作表语排除选项B，D；lonely和alone都可作表语，但lonely表示主观上“孤独的”，alone表示客观上“单独的”。根据语境答案为C。
20． 【C10】
A．that
B．which
C．what
D．how
正确答案：C
解析：what引导的从句作talk about的宾语，并在从句中作meant的宾语。
21． 【C11】
A．on
B．against
C．with
D．towards
正确答案：A
解析：stand on one’s own legs／bottom／feet意为“自立”。
22． 【C12】
A．test
B．study
C．honesty
D．trust
正确答案：C
解析：根据后文可知此处老师是误认为我考试作弊，所以给我讲诚实的重要性和作弊的害处。
23． 【C13】
A．agree
B．promise
C．insist
D．allow
正确答案：B
解析：agree意为“同意”；promise意为“允诺，答应”；insist意为“坚持，强调”；allow意为“允许，承认”。根据此处语境是老师让我许诺认真考虑他说的话。
24． 【C14】
A．discovering
B．wondering
C．finding
D．understanding
正确答案：B
解析：wonder意为“对……感到惊讶，惊奇，想知道”。我很长时间都在纳闷老师为什么选择和我谈那些事情。
25． 【C15】
A．thought
B．concluded
C．recognized
D．regarded
正确答案：A
解析：后来我发现老师认为我考试作弊了。
26． 【C16】
A．copied
B．judged
C．found
D．corrected
正确答案：A
解析：copy意为“抄袭”，符合语境。老师认为我从那女孩的试卷上抄袭答案。
27． 【C17】
A．quarrel
B．explain
C．argue
D．prove
正确答案：B
解析：quarrel意为“吵架，争论”；explain意为“解释，说明”；argue意为“争论，辩论”；prove意为“证明，证实”。根据语境是向老师解释关于钢笔的事情，故选B。
28． 【C18】
A．that
B．this
C．it
D．I
正确答案：C
解析：it作形式主语，把真正的that主语从句放在后面。
29． 【C19】
A．the moment
B．before
C．after
D．once
正确答案：A
解析：the moment是名词词组用作连词，引导时间状语从句，作用相当于as soon as，意为“一……就……”。又如：We see the lightening the moment it happens，but we hear the thunder later．一闪电我们就能看见，然后才听见雷声。
30． 【C20】
A．end
B．beginning
C．course
D．way
正确答案：C
解析：in the course of“在……期间，在……过程中”。我确信她继续认为我在考试过程中作弊。
阅读理解
Finding a Job At sixteen Ron Mackie might have stayed at school, but the future called to him excitedly. “Get out of the classroom into a job, “ it said, and Ron obeyed. His father, supporting the decision, found a place for him in a supermarket. “ You’re lucky, Ron, “ he said. “ For every boy with a job these days, there’s a dozen without. “ So Ron joined the working world at twenty pounds a week. For a year he spent his days filling shelves with tins of food. By the end of that time he was looking back on his school days as a time of great variety and satisfaction. He searched for an interest in his work, with little success. One fine day instead of going to work Ron got a lift on a lorry going south. With nine pounds in his pocket, a full heart and a great longing for the sea, he set out to make a better way for himself. That evening, in Bournemouth, he had a sandwich and a drink in a cafe run by an elderly man and his wife. Before he had finished the sandwich, the woman had taken him on for the rest of the summer, at twenty pounds a week, a room upstairs and three meals a day. The ease and speed of it rather took Ron’s breath away. At quiet times Ron had to check the old man’s arithmetic in the records of the business. At the end of the season, he stayed on the coast. He was again surprised how straightforward it was for a boy of seventeen to make a living. He worked in shops mostly, but once he took a job in a hotel for three weeks. Late in October he was taken on by the sick manager of a shoe shop. Ron soon found himself in charge there: he was the only one who could keep the books.
31． Why did Ron Mackie leave school at sixteen?
A．His father made him leave.
B．He had reached the age when he had to leave.
C．He left because he was worried about the future.
D．He left because he wanted to start work.
正确答案：D
解析：本文第一段的第一句说到：罗恩(Ron)感到未来在向他召唤：“走出教室，找个工作”，于是他遵从了这一召唤。因此我们可以了解到是他自己想要开始工作。
32． What did Ron’s father think about his leaving school?
A．He thought his son was doing the right thing.
B．He advised him to stay at school to complete his education.
C．He did not like the idea, but he helped Ron to find work.
D．He knew there was a job for every boy who wanted one.
正确答案：A
解析：根据本文第一段，他的父亲支持这一决定，并帮助罗恩找到了一份工作。由此我们对父亲的态度是很明确的。
33． It took about a year for Ron to realize that______.
A．he worked well because he was interested in the job
B．his work at the supermarket was dull
C．being at work was much better than going to school
D．the store manager wanted to get rid of him
正确答案：B
解析：本文第二段提到罗恩对学校生活的留恋，想要提高自己对目前工作的兴趣未果。由此可以判断出他认为超市的工作枯燥(dull)。
34． Why did Ron leave the supermarket?
A．He knew he would find work in Bournemouth.
B．He took a job as a lorry driver.
C．He gave up the job because he felt unwell.
D．He wanted to work at the seaside.
正确答案：D
解析：第三段说罗恩“longing for the sea”(向往大海)，因此他是想在海边找个工作。应注意“unwell”指身体不舒服、有病，因而不选。
35． Ron was able to take over the shoe shop because______.
A．he got on well with the manager there
B．he knew how to keep the accounts of the business
C．he had the experience of selling books
D．he was young and strong
正确答案：B
解析：根据上下文判断词汇含义。此题关键在于对“keep the books”的理解，这里指罗恩负责打理鞋店的生意，因为只有他懂得如何管理账目。而accounts即账目的意思。
The Only Way Is Up Think of a modern city and the first image that come to mind is the skyline. It is full of great buildings, pointing like fingers to heaven. It is true that some cities don’t permit buildings to go above a certain height. But these are cities concerned with the past. The first thing any city does when it wants to tell the world that it has arrived is to build skyscrapers. When people gather together in cities, they create a demand for land. Since cities are places where money is made, that demand can be met. And the best way to make money out of city land is to put as many people as possible in a space that covers the smallest amount of ground. That means building upwards. The technology existed to do this as early as the 19th century. But the height of buildings was limited by one important factor. They had to be small enough for people on the top floors to climb stairs. People could not be expected to climb a mountain at the end of their journey to work, or home. Elisha Otis, a US inventor, was the man who brought us the lift—or elevator, as he preferred to call it. However, most of the technology is very old. Lifts work using the same pulley system the Egyptians used to create the Pyramids. What Otis did was attach the system to a steam engine and develop the elevator brake, which stops the lift falling if the cords that hold it up are broken. It was this that did the most to gain public confidence in the new invention. In fact, he spent a number of years exhibiting lifts at fairgrounds, giving people the chance to try them before selling the idea to architects and builders. A lift would not be a very good theme park attraction now. Going in a lift is such an everyday thing that it would just be boring. Yet psychologists and others who study human behavior find lifts fascinating. The reason is simple. Scientists have always studied animals in zoos. The nearest they can get to that with humans is in observing them in lifts. “ It breaks all the usual conventions about the bubble of personal space we carry around with us—and you just can’t choose to move away” , says workplace psychologist, Gary Fitzgibbon. Being trapped in this setting can create different types of tensions, he says. Some people are scared of them. Others use them as an opportunity to get close to the boss. Some stand close to the door. Others hide in the corners. Most people try and shrink into the background. But some behave in a way that makes others notice them. There are a few people who just stand in a corner taking notes. Don’t worry about them. They are probably from a university.
36． “... these are cities concerned with the past “in the first paragraph refer to cities that______.
A．are worried about their past
B．have a glorious past to be proud of
C．want to maintain their traditional image
D．are very interested in their own history
正确答案：C
解析：be concerned with是“关心，关注”的意思，故可排除B和D两个选项，根据前面一句话，these cities是指那些不允许建筑物超出一定高度的城市，即不愿意改变固有形象的城市。
37． The difficulty in constructing tall buildings in the 19th century lies in______.
A．the lack of money
B．that there’s no a device to carry people upward
C．backward technology
D．mountains taking up land space
正确答案：B
解析：文中第三段说早在19世纪建造高楼的技术已经存在，楼高的因素只有一个，即人们下班后不想像爬山那样去爬楼梯，说明当时还没有找到把人往高处送的办法。
38． When Otis came up with the idea of a lift, ______.
A．he sold it to the architects and builders immediately
B．the Egyptians used it to build the Pyramids
C．it was accepted favorably by the public
D．most people had doubt about its safety
正确答案：C
解析：答案在第四段，Otis发明的刹车使人们对电梯增强了信心，他在游乐场里让大家试乘了几年才把这个想法出售给建筑师和营运商。
39． Which of the following best describes the experience of going in a lift now?
A．Fascinating.
B．Uninteresting.
C．Frightening.
D．Exciting.
正确答案：B
解析：现在电梯已经十分普通，没有人会觉得乘电梯是件好玩的事。
40． Psychologists find the lift a good place where they can study human behavior because______.
A．here humans behave the way animals do
B．people in a lift are all scared
C．here some people take notes
D．in a lift the bubble of personal space breaks
正确答案：D
解析：电梯的空间狭小，相对拥挤，人们想要享有私人空间的要求在这里成了幻想，就如同关在动物园笼子里的动物一般，这为心理学家提供了一个研究在这种情况下人的行为难得的机会。
The light from the campfire brightened the darkness, but it could not prevent the damp cold of Dennis’s Swamp (沼泽地) creeping into their bones. It was a strange place. Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jack’s dare. They liked camping, but not near this swamp. “So, “ Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals. “How did this place get its name? “Are you sure you want to hear it? It’s a scary story, “ warned Jack. “Of course!” cried out Tom. “If there were anything to be scared of, you wouldn’t have chosen this place!” “OK, but don’t say I didn’t warn you, “ said Jack, and he began his tale. “Way back in time, a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here. He built that cottage over there to live in. In those days, the area looked quite different—it was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river. After three hard years, Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops. He was so proud of his success that he refused to listen to advice. “You are clearing too much land, warned one old man. “The land is a living thing. It will hit back at you if you abuse it. “ “Silly fool” , said Dennis to himself. “If I clear more land, I can grow more crops. I’ll become wealthier. He’s just jealous! “ “Dennis continued to chop down trees. Small animals that relied on them for food and shelter were destroyed. He was so eager to expand his farm that he did not notice the river flowing slowly towards his door. He did not notice salt seeping to the surface of the land. He did not notice swamp plants choking all the native plants. “ “What happened? “ Martin asked. It was growing colder. He trembled, twisting his body closer to the fire. “The land hit back—just as the old man warned, “ Jack shrugged. “Dennis disappeared. Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from the river and dragged him underwater. His body was never found. “ “What a stupid story, “ laughed Tom. “Plants can’t. . . “ Before he had finished speaking, he screamed and fainted(晕倒). The other two boys jumped up with fright, staring at Tom. Suddenly, they burst out laughing. Some green swamp ivy (常春藤) had covered Tom’s face. It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke.
41． The underlined word “dare” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to______.
A．courage
B．assistance
C．instruction
D．challenge
正确答案：D
解析：由语境可知，他们去沼泽地野营应该是接受了杰克的挑战。
42． Why did Jack tell Tom and Martin the story?
A．To frighten them.
B．To satisfy their curiosity.
C．To warn them of the danger of the place.
D．To persuade them to camp in the swamp.
正确答案：B
解析：考查推理判断。根据第二、三、四段他们的对话可知，Jack多次警告他们这个故事吓人，但经不住他们的请求还是告诉他们了，可知讲这个故事并不是为了吓他们，而是为了满足他们的好奇心。
43． Why did Dennis ignore the warning of the old man?
A．The old man envied him.
B．The old man was foolish.
C．He was too busy to listen to others.
D．He was greedy for more crops.
正确答案：D
解析：考查细节理解。由第八段“If I clear more land，I can grow more crops．I’ll become wealthier．He’s just jealous!”可知他想有更多的土地，种更多的庄稼，变得更富有，还认为老人在嫉妒他。由此可知他不听老人的劝告是因为他想种更多的庄稼。
44． Why did Tom scream and faint?
A．He saw Dennis’s shadow.
B．He was scared by a plant.
C．His friends played a joke on him.
D．The weather became extremely cold.
正确答案：B
解析：考查细节理解。由最后一段倒数第二句“Some green swamp ivy(常春藤)had covered Tom’s face．”可知他晕倒的原因是因为他被常春藤吓着了。
45． What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis?
A．Grasp all, lose all.
B．No sweat, no sweet.
C．It is no use crying over spilt milk.
D．He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
正确答案：A
解析：考查推理判断。综观全文可知贪婪的Dennis因为其贪婪，结果失去了一切，故A项“贪多必失”，符合语境。
英汉翻译
46． Pollution is a problem because man in an increasingly populated and industrialized world is upsetting the environment in which he lives. Many scientists maintain that one of man’s greatest errors has been to equate growth with advancement. Now “growth” industries are being looked on with suspicion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life. The growing population makes increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air, water and land. This rise in population is accompanied by the desire of more and more people for a better standard of living, in an ever increasing amount of waste material to be disposed of. The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment. Many believe that man is not solving these problems quickly enough and that his selfish pursuit of possessions takes him past the point of no return before he fully appreciates the damage.
正确答案： 污染已成为问题，因为在当今人口越来越多，社会越来越工业化的世界上，人类正在污染他们居住的环境。许多科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业，因为它们的副作用会破坏环境，破坏各种生命之问的关系。人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。伴随着人口增长的是越来越多的人渴望更高的生活水平，于是人类更大的需求必然造成有更多的废物要处理。这个问题已经引起人们对生物及其环境的日益关注。许多人认为，人类没有尽快地解决这一问题，却只顾谋求私利，以至于到了无可挽救的地步以后才充分认识到这种毁坏。
教学设计
47． 教学片断： (教师复习感官动词如look，feel，taste等，然后呈现就餐场景，提问学生用感官动词和形容词描述场景。) S1: The food tastes sweet. T: The juice tastes sweet? Er, er, . . . yes, sweet. S2: The room look beautiful. T: What looks beautiful? The room? Do you think so? Yes, good. Others? You are so quiet today. S3 : The beer tastes bad. T: The beer tastes bad. How do you know? Maybe only you think so. 请分析该教学片断并回答下列问题： (1)教师在教学过程中是如何参与对话的，效果如何? (2)在词汇教学过程中，教师进行教学过程控制的策略有哪些?
正确答案： (1)教师在开展教学组织时需要一定的技巧和艺术，本教学片断中的教学活动只能保证教师和学生之间的问答，无法保证在同一时间内所有学生的共同参与。另外，教学片断中教师的回答只是重复学生的回答，没有任何意义，本来逐个提问已经减少了学生活动的时间，教师的重复更是剥夺了学生说话的权利。教师应该先布置活动，再示范，然后把时间还给学生，让学生之间进行回答，保证学生与学生的互动。 (2)要保证教学过程的顺利进行，保证词汇教学按设计开展，教师就要考虑学生的参与、任务的难易、组织是否合理、指令是否清晰、反馈是否及时等问题。常见的教学控制策略有： ①指令清晰简短。指令是教学实施的起始，一定要简短、清晰，如果所用英语指令超出了学生的语言水平，可以用汉语组织活动。 ②适当示范。教师口头介绍不清楚时，可以适当示范如何操作。示范可以由老师实施，也可以由学生完成。 ③求证。即呈现之后提问学生以检查学生是否明白。 ④适时调整。教师根据学生参与以及完成任务的情况适当调整活动，如转变活动的形式，改变活动的要求，暂停或终止活动等。 ⑤及时反馈。教师可以通过口头表扬、面部表情、手势语等方式对学生的表现给出评价，同时要注意的是反馈应以促进学生的积极参与为目标。
书面表达
48． 假如你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)。请给外教露西写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括： 1．出发及返回时间； 2．活动：包饺子、表演节目等。 注意： 1．词数100左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．结语已为你写好。 Dear Lucy, ______ ______ ______ ______ Looking forward to you reply. Yours, Li Hua
正确答案： Dear Lucy, I’ d like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. It’ s the day for the elderly in our culture. We’ll go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there. We’ll also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which we hope will make them happy. We should be back around 4 o’ clock in the afternoon. If you are able to come with us, please let us know and we’ll wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua
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