1. 写作攻略
主题句作文也可以叫做段首句作文，要求考生将每段所给出主题句分别加以扩展，完成段落，然后由段落组成文章。主题句作文是目前较常用的一种出题方式，它不像一般正规文章那样要求具有开头段和结尾段，一般只给出三句主题句，所以属于一种简单的三段式作文。在写作这种题目的作文时，考生只要正确领悟每个主题句的意思，然后对每段的主题句进行阐述，内容应当展开，可以是对主题句的解释，可以是例证，也可以提供理由或细节。
在对主题句进行展开时，考生要学会如何取舍，有的观点见解独到或是非常精彩，但是在表达时会有问题，考生本身的英语水平可能无法把这个观点表达清楚，这时应该果断地放弃这一观点。因为考试要考生展现的是语言水平而不是思维的深度，考生在写作时应该尽量少暴露自己在语言上的不足。 2．必背模版句型
As far as I am concerned, I believe that.... 至于我，我相信„„
Now it is widely acknowledged that.... But I wonder whether.... 目前大家广泛认为„„但我觉得„„
A close inspection of this argument would reveal how flimsy (groundless) it is. 仔细想想这个问题就会发现它其实毫无根据。
In all the discussion and debate over..., one important fact is generally overlooked / neglected. 在所有就„„的讨论中，有一点总是被忽略。
There are a number of ways for us to keep fit. First,... Second ...Finally ... 有很多方法可以使我们保持健康。第一„„，第二„„，最后„„
One of the reasons given for...is that.... What is also worth noticing is that... 关于„„的其中一个原因是„„，另外„„也值得我们注意。
Why are (is / do / did)...? For one thing, .... For another, .... 为什么会„„？一方面„„另一方面„„
Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that .... 考虑到所有这些因素，我们可以得出„„的结论。 A number of further facts may be added... 这些的例子还可以列举很多„„
Television is more than just an electronic appliance; it is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings. 电视不仅仅是一件电器；它是表达的手段和交流的载体，并因此成为联系他人的有力工具。
Television, the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth, is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world.
电视，这项以迅速变化和成长为标志的最普及和最有影响力的现代技术，正在步入一个新时代，一个极为成熟和多样化的时代，这将重塑我们的生活和世界。
The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.
一个地方的人口越多，对其水、交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。
Adler is correct in his assertion that education does not end with graduation. 阿得勒的这句话很正确，教育不能随着毕业而结束。
With the opening and reform policy being carried out, thousands upon thousands of foreign visitors are crowding into our country. They are eager to see this old mysterious land with a splendid culture of more than 5,000 years.
随着改革开放的贯彻执行，数以万计的外国游人涌入中国。他们渴望参观这个有着五千多年灿烂文化的神秘古国。
On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。
There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: we should take strong measures to deal with it.
无可否认，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题：我们应该采取有力措施来解决它。
In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
考虑到问题的严重性，在事态进一步恶化之前，必须采取有效的措施。 3．必背经典范文 Title: The Computer
(1) The computer is a wonderful machine.
(2) Computers play an important role in our life.
(3) However, many scientists dont think that computers will replace human beings completely. The Computer
The computer is a wonderful machine. The invention of computers has greatly changed the way of our living, and is an important event in human history.
Today it is used a great deal in various fields. Especially, it is useful in automatic control and data processing. And there is great tendency for the use of computer not only in offices but home as well.
Computers play an important role in our life. They can do most of things people can do. They can give you information on buying and selling things. Provide you with suggestion of how to deal with certain illness and how to solve the problems you are faced with. There is no doubt that
people can live much easier with the help of the computers.
However, many scientists dont think that computers will replace human beings completely. No matter how clever they may become, computers are no more that an extension for human brain. It is human being who controls them. 题目：计算机
（1）计算机是非常好的机器。
（2）计算机在我们的生活中起着很大的作用。 （3）但是，很多科学家认为计算机不可能代替人类。 译文 计算机
计算机是非常好的机器。计算机的发明改变了我们的生活方式，是人类历史上的一件大事。
今天很多领域都用到了计算机，尤其是在自动化和资料处理方面。计算机已经不仅在办公室使用，而且越来越多的计算机走进了家庭。
计算机在我们的生活中起着很大的作用。人类做的事情它都可以做。计算机可以提供买卖的信息、可以为我们提供治疗某些疾病的信息，帮助我们解决问题。有了计算机的帮忙，生活变的更加容易。
但是，很多科学家认为计算机不可能代替人类。不论它们怎么聪明，计算机永远都是人脑的延伸，只能受人类的控制。 1． 写作攻略
提纲式作文中，为考生提供了题目和一个简单的写作提纲，从而将考生的写作控制在一定范围内。这类作文只要考查的内容一般包括：说明主题、分析原因或解释做法。作文题目中会提供：（1）标题；（2）提纲；（3）起始句。标题限定短文的基本发展方向，提纲规定短文的基本框架，起始句则提供短文的起点。考生应紧扣题目主题，并根据提纲提示的思路和要点展开段落。由于提供的写作提纲一般也为三段，所以考生也可以按照三段式作文将简单的提纲展为主题句，再按照主题句作文的写作方法将文章写成。 写提纲作文时的具体步骤： （1）认真研究所给提纲
考生要仔细领会提纲的含义，不能遗漏提纲要点，更不能错误理解提纲的意思。 （2）确定各段的主题句
考生应根据所给提纲写出各段的主题句，合格的主题句应具备以下要点： ☆ 意义完整
主题句结构要完整，即结构符合语法规则；意义要完整，即主题句是一个符合逻辑的完整句子。 ☆ 表意清晰
主题句要清晰明确，不能使用意思含混的词语或句子。 ☆ 内容具体
主题句的内容要明确具体，利于段落的展开。 ☆ 用词贴切
主题句一定要用词准确，简明达意，为段落的拓展打好基础。 （3）逐步展开段落
段落写作应围绕自己列好的主题句进行，在写作过程中可稍加调整。
（4）检查与修改
检查考题所给提纲是否完整且准确地被表达于文章之中，如有偏差，应做出相应的修改。 2． 必背模版句型
It is often said that... 我们经常这么说„„
It goes without saying that... 毫无疑问„„
It can be easily proved that... „„很容易被证明。
One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is... 与以上一点同样重要的是„„ I am of the opinion that... 我支持„„
The chief reason why ...is that ... 之所以„„的主要原因是„„
To take...for an example (instance) ... 把„„作为一个例子
According to a latest study, it can be predicted... 最近的研究预测„„
Another special consideration in this case is that ... 关于这件事还有一点值得考虑，那就是„„
This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to... 这也许对，但关于„„我们仍然有一个问题。 Besides, we should not neglect that... 另外，我们不应该忽视„„
Therefore, these findings reveal the following information... 因此，这些发现揭示了以下信息„„ On account of this we can find that ... 据此我们可以发现„„
Wonderful as A is, however, it has its own disadvantages too. 尽管A很优秀，但它也有自身的缺陷。
Among the most convincing reasons given, one should be mentioned... 在所有可信赖的理由中，有一个值得一提„„ Currently there is a widespread concern that... 目前，对于„„普遍关注。
There is no immediate solution to the problem of ..., but ...might be helpful. 关于解决„„没有快速的办法，但„„可能会有作用。 All available evidence points to the fact that... 所有的证据证明„„
No one can deny the fact that... 没人能否定„„这个事实。
Taking into account all these factors, we may safely reach the conclusion that... 考虑到所有这些因素，我们可以做出这样的结论„„ 3． 必背经典范文 Directions:
Write an article on Changes on State-owned Houses and Private Houses of China. In your article you should
(1) the present situation (2) the possible causes (3) its impact
Ownership of Houses in Beijing
Ownership of houses in Beijing has significantly changed in recent years. In 1990, 75 percent of the houses were stateowned. But in 1995, the ratio of state-owned houses to private ones was 60 to 40. And the ownership changed dramatically since 1995 and by the end of the century, 80 percent of houses were private.
There might have been two main reasons. One of the reasons was the policy of the government. In the 1990s, China carried on with its reform policy and the government called for privatization of the sate-owned estate. But it took time for the reform to come into effect. But from 1995 on when people have recognized its significance, the reformation took bigger steps. Another reason was that the people were getting better off and they could afford buying their own houses. Such changes have had great impact on individuals as well as the society. On one hand, the individuals must save money to buy an apartment or to pay the mortgage. On the other hand, a heaven burden has been taken off the government so that it can take more effective measures to improve peoples life.
题目：就中国公房和私房的变化写一篇短文。你的短文应该包括： （1） 目前的现状 （2） 可能产生的原因 （3） 相关影响
译文
北京房屋所有权
最近几年，北京房屋的所有权发生了很大的变化。1990年，75％的房屋都是公房。到了1995年，这一数字就变成了60％。自1995年起，所有权发生了很大的变化，到本世纪末私房数量已经达到80％。 可能的原因有两个。其中一个原因是的。90年代，中国开始了改革，呼吁房产私有化。但改革需要时间才能显现成果。到1995年人们意识到这一的意义，改革的作用向前迈了一步。另一个原因是人们的生活越来越好有能力购房。
这样的变化对国家和个人都有很大的影响。一方面，个人必须存钱或贷款买房。另一方面，的压力减轻后可以实施更好的措施来改善人们的生活。 1．写作攻略
规定情景作文也是一种控制性非常强的作文出题方式。一般不提供具体标题，仅仅规定一定的情景，考生必须从情景信息中找出所写文章的中心思想，并在此基础上确定文章的标题和段落结构。在写作过程中，考生应按照情景中规定的范围和条件并结合自己的知识和经历来休会、构思和发展段落，但不能脱离情景任意发挥。并且要注意文章必须合乎逻辑情理，段落之间的衔接要连贯和自然。规定情景题型写作要点：
（1）规定情景写作要求考生在题目规定的情景内展开构思和组织内容。
（2）仔细审题。考生一定要弄清楚题目所提供的情景，是说明还是论证，是叙事还是写景。 （3）确定段落与主题句。主题句为一个完整的句子，用以概括、叙述和说明该段的主题。一般放在段首。使用主题句，文章结构会变得有条理，同时也使考生对自己所要表达的内容有更具体的把握。 （4）逐步展开段落。确定主题句，考生便可以围绕主题句，展开段落，完成全文的写作。段落的展开应该建立在段落情景基础之上，每段的重点都应集中于描述情景规定内容。
（5）考生的所用的每一个词句都应紧扣情景，突出重点，前后连贯，表达清楚，符合逻辑。 （6）明确题型种类。情景写作可根据内容写成不同文体，如记叙文、论说文、书信报告等，故考生应该注意灵活运用相应文体的写作方法与技巧。
（7）认真检查与修改。考生应重点检查是否完全准确地包含了情景所要求的各项内容，是否有与情景相悖或不相关的内容。如果一旦发现有出入，要及时修改。 2．必背模版句型
... is becoming a serious problem. This is because... „„已经变得越来越严重，是因为„„
If possible, one may.... There are many examples of ... 如果可能，一个人可以。有很多„„的例子。
I never think... is a waste of time and money because, it is something that I truly wanted in my life.
我不认为„„只是浪费时间和金钱，因为这是我生活中真正需要的。 Further more ... is the by-product of..., so we should... 进一步地说，„„是„„的副产品，所以我们应该„„
As for me, this should not be... 对于我来说，这不应该是„„
To be frank, I would like to support... 坦白的说，我想支持„„ Personally, I would prefer... 我个人比较倾向于„„
Yet differences will be found, thats why I feel that... 然而分歧依然还在，这也是我为什么觉得„„ We have no reason to believe that... 我们没有理由相信„„
It is one thing to insist that... , it is quite another to show that ... 坚持„„是一回事，表明„„是另外一回事。
Recently the issue of... has been brought to public attention. 目前„„的事情被广泛关注。
It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on... 已经到了我们必须对„„予以重视的时候了。
Aside from that, all laws and regulations against the pollution should be forcefully implemented. 除此之外，一切关于防止污染的法律法规都应该强制执行。
For now the world has a more urgent mission: to stop the planet from overheating, and do it in a hurry.
眼下，世界正面临着一个更迫切的使命：必须立即行动，防止地球继续升温。 Over the past decade, the issue of... has risen to the top of the agenda. 在过去的十年中，关于„„的问题已经提到了首位。 3. 必背经典范文
Directions: it is generally acknowledged that families are now not as close as they used to be. Give possible reasons and your recommendations.
There is much discussion nowadays as to whether or not the relationship between family members is close or not. Lots of factors can be identified. Hereby I would like to present my point of view.
Great changes have taken place in family life with the development of society. One of them is that the traditional family is becoming smaller and smaller. Many children have to leave their parents at an early age to study or work elsewhere. As time passes, they become emotionally estranged from their parents.
In addition, the availability of various kinds of entertainment also diverts people from
enjoying chats with the family members. Their free time is mostly occupied by seeing films, surfing the internet or playing computer games. Thus they have no interest in communicating with the other members of their families.
In view of such alienation within families, I believe that urgent steps must be taken. Regular contact on the phone can bring care to those who live away from each other. Family reunions on holidays or other important occasions can make a difference as well. In a word, a close family relationship can surely be maintained as long as we realize the significant role it plays in our lives and attach importance to it.
题目：现在家庭之间的关系不再像过去那样亲密了。说明这一现象产生的原因，并提出自己的建议。 译文
如今，对于“现在家庭之间的关系是否像以前那样亲密”存在很多争议。这里面有很多因素。这里我将阐述一下自己的观点。
随着社会的发展，家庭生活发生了巨大的变化。过去的那种大家庭现在变得越来越小了。许多孩子在很小的时候就不得不离开家出去学习或工作。时间长了，孩子在感情上和父母就疏远了。
而且，各种各样的娱乐方式也减少了人们和家人聊天的机会。他们把大部分的自由时间都用来看电影、上网或玩网络游戏。人们对于和其他成员在一块交流失去了兴趣。
面对家庭的这种倾向，我认为必须立即采取一些措施。打个电话就可以让住的较远的亲人感受到彼此的爱。假日或其他重要场合的家庭聚会也会拉近彼此之间的距离。总之，只要我们意识到家庭对生活的重要性，高度重视它，那么，亲密的家庭关系还是可以建立起来的。 1．写作攻略
图表作文是考研英语写作中较为常见的题型之一，也是难度较大的一种写作题型。这类作文可综合提供题目、数据、图像、提纲，形式多样，但实际上只涉及5个方面：描述图表、指明寓意、分析原因、联系实际、给出建议，而每次考试只是从这5个方面的内容中选出3个结合在一起。从写作类型来看，基本上属于说明文。要求考生围绕题目将有关信息转化为文字形式，考生应该具有一定数据分析和材料归纳的能力，同时会运用一定的写作方法。考研试题一般以三段式写作方法来组织文章，第一段总结归纳信息反映的整体情况，点出主题思想，第二段回答第一段所得出的问题，对数字、数据等做出有条理的分析比较，第三段做出总结或给以简单的评论。表格和图表题型写作要点：
（1）考生应仔细研究题目以及提示信息，认清图表中的数字、线条、阴影等部分的变化趋势和走向，抓住其主要特点，然后根据图表所显示的中心信息确定内容层次以及主题句。
（2）考生应该仔细研究图表所给出的大量信息，从中选取最重要，最有代表性的信息，然后根据全文的主旨去组织运用所获取的关键信息。切忌简单地罗列图表所给出的信息。
（3）图表作文一般采用的时态为一般现在时，但如果图表中给出了具体时间参照，考生则应对时态进行相应的调整。
（4）图表作文有一些固定句型和表达法，考生应对此融会贯通。
（5）图表作文可以细分为表格，曲线图、柱形图和饼形图。除了上述共同要点，考生还应了解这四种图在写作方面的不同特点。
—— 表格可以表示多种事物的相互关系，所以考生要对表格中所给出的大量数字进行比较分析，从中找出其变化规律。
—— 曲线图常表示事物的变化趋势，考生应认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息，并且密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位。
—— 柱形图用来表示各种事物的变化情况及相互关系，要求考生通过宽度相等的柱形的高度或长度差别来
判断事物的动态发展趋势，因此考生应密切关注坐标线上的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明与文字。 —— 饼形图表示各事物在总体中所占的比例及相互关系，旨在要求考生准确理解并阐述一个被分割成大小不等切片的饼形图所传达的信息。考生应清楚掌握部分与整体，部分与部分之间的相互关系，这种关系通常是以百分比的数字形式给出的。
（6）列出各段主题句。考生可以根据所给提纲或已知信息列出每段的主题句，为全文的展开做好铺垫。 （7）围绕主题句完成段落的展开。尽量做到主题明确、条理清楚、文字简练。
（8）检查与修改。对图表作文的检查与修改应着重看文章中所列举的信息是否与图表所显示的信息一致，资料是否恰当。 2．必背模版句型
As can be seen from/in the chart/diagram/table/graph... 从表格/图形中我们可以看到„„
The table shows a three times increase over that of last year. 表格显示比去年上升了3倍。
According to /As is shown in the Table /Figure/Chart... 如表格/图表中显示„„
The number is 5 times as much as that of... 此数字是„„的5倍。
It has increased by three times as compared with that of ... 同„„相比，增长了3倍。
It can be seen from the chart/diagram/table/graph/figures/statistics that... 从表格/图表/数据中我们可以看到„„
From the table/figures/data/results/information above, it can/may be seen/concluded/shown/estimated/calculated/inferred that...
从以上的表格/图表/数据/结果/信息中，我们可以看到/总结/预测/计算/得出„„ A has the highest sales figure in the three departments, followed by B and C. 在3个部门中，A的销售额最高，其次是B和C。
The figure of A is about twice as much as that of B. A的数字是B的两倍。
The rise lasted for two weeks and then began to level off in August. 上升两个星期后，8月份开始平稳。
It accounts for 30% of the total population. 占到总人口的30％。
The number of students has reached 500, indicating a rise of 20%, compared to last semester. 学生人数达到500人，与上个学期相比上升了20％。 It picked up speed at the end of this month. 这个月底加快了速度。
The pie charts show the changes on... in some place in 2000. 此饼形图显示了2000年一些地方„„的变化。
from this year on，there was a gradual declined reduction in the..., reaching a figure of... 从这年起，„„逐渐下降至„„
There are a lot of similarities/differences between...and... „„与„„之间有许多相似（不同）之处
It can be drawn from the chart that the proportions of A and B are going down, though the falling level of the latter is a lot lower/higher than that of the former. 尽管B的下降速度比A要慢/快，从表中我们可以看到A和B的比例都在下降。
The increase/decrease is more noticeable during the second half of the 5year period. 在5年期限的后半段，增长/降低比较明显。
It falls from 50% in 2000 to 30% in 2004, and then the trend reverse, finishing at 58％ in 2005. 从2000年的50％降到2004年的30％，然后形势逆转，2005年达到了58％。 The table shows the changes in the number of...over the period from...to... 该表格描述了在„„年之„„年间„„数量的变化。
As can be seen from the graph, the two curves show the fluctuation of... 如图所示，两条曲线描述了„„的波动情况。 3．必背经典范文
Directions: the table below shows the number of road accidents which occurred in Britain in different places and the ages of the injured persons. Write a report describing the information shown below.
Road accidents in Britain when/where accidents occurredAge 2-4Age 5-7Age 8-11Age 11-13Age 14-16TOTAL
Going to school21383127 Going home from school21692231 Playing in the street812651202 Cycling into the street110259247
Shopping for their parents432132152 TOTAL9815281217359
The chart above organizes data about road accidents involving children in Britain by and by when and where the accidents occurred. It can be seen that the incidence of accidents decreases as the childrens age increase and that age correlates with the circumstances surrounding the accident.
For all ages, the most common situation leading to accident is playing in the street but young children were particularly affected. Children between the ages of 5-7 seemed to get into accidents while engaged in activities appropriate to their age, such as shopping for their parents or going home from school. In fact, this age group accounted for the most road accidents of all. Children between 8 and age 11 had the most accidents cycling in the street. After age 11, the number of accidents dropped considerably in all situations.
From the chart, we get to know that playing in the street is the most common and universal site of accidents of all ages, but the risks that other sites and situations present vary with the childrens ages.
题目：表格给出了英国在不同地点和不同年龄段的人所发生的交通事故。请描述一下这个表格。 译文
上面的图表中的数据反映了英国不同年龄段的孩子在不同地点发生交通事故的情况。我们可以看到随着年龄的增长，孩子出现交通事故的次数在不断下降，而且年龄段与发生事故的地点也有关系。
就所有的年龄段看，最容易出现事故的情况是在马路上玩耍，尤其是对那些年龄小的孩子。处在5至7岁之间的孩子在做适合他们年龄段的事情时，比如替父母上街买东西，或者从学校回家，也很容易出事。事实上，这个年龄段的孩子发生事故最多。8至11岁的孩子在街上骑车最容易发生事故。11岁以后，在所有场合的事故发生都有所减少。
从表中我们知道，对所有的年龄段的孩子来说，在马路上玩耍都是最容易发生事故的，但是其他情况的危险性则随着年龄的变化而不同。 1．写作攻略
图画作文是较难的题型之一，近几年考研英语写作试题均为图画题型，因此考生应该特别认真地对待。这类题一般要求考生仔细看图，根据题目要求写成自己的作文。实际上，图画作文也可以当作三段式的提纲作文来写。第一段用来描述图画并揭示其寓意（寓意一般用一句话来概括就可以），第二段分析原因，最后一段发表评论或提出建议，其中第二、三段应该是写作的重点。面对此类题型，考生应首先确定主题，然后再动笔。具体写作要点：
（1） 仔细研究作文指令，弄清楚作文的要求，是否有标题？是否有提纲？然后从题目中找出中心词，分析修饰词，准确地抓住题目的中心思想。
（2）认真解读图画，因为图画是作文的信息基础。考生应对图画进行全面而细致的研究，尤其要注意图画中人或物（人与物）的体貌表情特征和背景，确定人物之间，人物与背景之间的主要关系，以便正确掌握图画所传达的信息。
（3）如果图画以系列形式（既两幅以上）出现，考生除需掌握每一幅图画的信息外，还应该对图画之间的相互联系有所理解，在整体上把握图画所传达的信息。
（4）面对图画作文，考生应该展开合理而丰富的联想，用生动恰当的言辞抒发自己对图画的所思、所想、所感。
（5）注意图画作文中的文字说明。文字说明非常重要，通常十分清楚地提供一些写作要点，考生在看
说明时要看清主、谓、宾，正确理解说明的意义。
（6）草拟提纲，合理组织材料。根据图画内容的不同采用不同的段落发展方健Ｈ缤蓟阶魑男醋鞫嘁蠼忻栊赐蓟６杂诼叫醋鳎栊幢旧聿⒉恢匾恼碌脑⒁馊匆η笞既罚灰夏啻?lt;BR> （7）系统且突出地展开段落。展开段落要根据画面内容进行，最好能围绕每一段的主题句进行。
（8）检查与修改。考生应重点检查图画内容是否准确地被表达出来，题目所给提示是否完整地反映在文章之中。如果存在与画面不相符的内容，或未能完全涵盖题目所给提示，考生应对文章做出相应修订。 2．必背模版句型
As is described in the picture... 这幅图描述了„„
The purpose of the picture is to show us that... 这幅图的目的是为了给我们展示„„ We can deduce form this picture that... 从这幅图中我们可以推断„„
The picture indicates / conveys the meaning that 这幅图指出/传达„„
More and more people have come to realize... 越来越多的人已经意识到„„
Now it is commonly held that... but I doubt whether... 现在大家都普遍认为„„，但我怀疑„„
As is shown in the picture, we can see clearly the relationship between... and ... 从图中我们可以清楚的看到„„和„„的关系。
No wonder most see the problem of... as that of ... rather than that of... 难怪大多数人把„„看成„„的问题，而不是„„的问题。 Anyone with the least common sense knows that... 稍微有点常识的人都知道„„
There is much discussion today about... 现在人们都在热烈地讨论„„ Thanks to..., more and more... 由于„„越来越多的„„
As more and more people..., much attention should be placed on... 由于越来越多的人„„，所以人们应该重视„„
If such measures were not taken, the problem of... would have been more serious. 如果不采取这些措施，„„的问题就会更加严重。
On the surface/At first thought it may seem a sound /an attractive/ suggestion /solution / idea, but careful weighing on the mind /on closer analysis / on second thought, we find that ... 表面上/第一眼看上去似乎是一个非常好的想法，但仔细一想/分析,我们却发现„„ Another reason why I dispute the above statement is that ... 我之所以反对以上论点还有一个原因„„
Unless there is a common realization of ..., it is very likely that ... 除非大家普遍意识到„„，否则很可能„„
No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of ..., but the common recognition of the necessity of ... might be the first step towards change in the right direction. 解决„„问题并不容易，但认识到„„的必要性是向正确方向发展的第一步。 3．必背经典范文
Directions: study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should 1) describe the drawing,
2) interpret its implications, and 3) give your comments.
As is described in the picture, a middleaged man holds a plate with a bowl, a pair of chopsticks, and a jar of nourishment, murmuring “to live well up to the 22nd century, it is really helpful to build up good health with nourishments.”His face is as dull as dead water, his tongue is stuck out of his mouth and his posture is strange, knees bent, leaning forward.
This cartoon points out a serious problem which needs to be taken seriously: “What is a positive attitude towards nourishment?” Misconception prevails nowadays all over the world that nourishment can make the weak strong and the sick healthy. For those who believe in this kind of theory, such omnipotent nourishment is allcures. So they take this kind of magical nourishment excessively. However, this is far from the truth. Taking nourishment to ensure your health is nothing but an illusion. Moreover, a great amount of fake nourishment is flooded with in the markets, which will thus deteriorate your health after continual use.
From the analysis above we can easily draw a conclusion: a wish is a wish, no matter how sweet it is. A good wish, however, doesnt mean a real life! In reality, life blooms with doing exercises and taking part in sports. Besides, proper diets are also a rewarded way to keep you fit and healthy. Give up the idea of “more nourishment and more health” and you will build a muscular body in the long run.
题目：仔细观察这幅图，写一篇短文。你的短文应该包括： 1）描述这幅图 2）解释它的含义 3）阐述你自己的观点
译文
图中，一个中年男子端着一个盘子，盘子中有一个碗，一双筷子和一瓶补品。他的嘴里念念有词：“要活到22世纪还真得补一补！”他的脸像一杯白开水，舌头伸在嘴外，他的姿势更奇怪，双膝弯曲，身体前倾。 这幅漫画揭示了一个必须认真对待的严重的问题“对待营养的正确态度是什么？”目前，全世界都存在着这样的误解，大家认为补品可以使体质虚弱的人变强壮，生病的人变健康。那些相信这种理论的人，把这种全效补品当成万能药。但这并不是真理。靠吃补品来维持健康只是个幻想。另外，市场上有很多假冒的补品，如果长期食用会对身体有害。
从上面的分析我们可以得出：希望永远都是希望，不管它多么的美好。良好的愿望并不代表真正的生活。事实上，只有多锻炼参加体育运动才能强身健体。另外，完善的饮食也是保持健康的一个好方法。放弃“多吃补品就会健康”的想法，你将从长远角度拥有一个强健的身体。 一、2006年真题解说
2006年考研英语写作分为A、B两部分。以下对这两部分分别加以介绍。 Part A
51. Directions:
You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.
Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address. (10 points)
在考研英语中，这是第二次考查应用文写作，模式仍是书信体。因此，像2005年一样，考生在写作时应注意：1.覆盖全部信息；2.注意格式和语域；3.语言准确，内容合理；4.不要过多使用指令中的英语表达。今年的写作主题是希望工程，这是1995年和2001年考研作文中曾经两次涉及过的话题。一般考生应觉得有内容发挥。不过，今年的应用文指令部分比去年要难一些，为方便考生复习，特将指令中关键的第一段翻译出来，供考生参考：
你打算资助边远地区的一个孩子，为希望工程做点贡献。给有关单位写一封信，请他们帮助寻找一个候选的孩子。你应当详细说明你需要帮助的那个孩子的情况，以及你将如何实施你的资助计划。
根据以上要求，考生在写作中应注意三个信息点： 1.说明自己的想法和要求； 2.介绍孩子的情况；3.如何实施资助计划。小作文命题看得出颇费心机，刻意考一种按常规难以归类的书信模式，但不难写。同学们只要照指令的情景和提纲部分扩展出100字就行。 Part B
52. Directions:
Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should 1. describe the photos briefly,
2. interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and 3. give your point of view.
You should write 160-200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
2006年短文写作还是图画作文。给了两幅画面，一幅是一个人脸上刻着贝克汉姆的名字，另一幅是一个人花了300元剪了一个小贝的发型，两幅图均透露出社会上一些人崇拜偶像的现象，让考生对这种现象做出评价，很新鲜、灵活。感觉以往的英语作文试题大多考传统型的，如孝敬父母，毅力恒心等，这次让人很意外。
考生在看到大作文的第一眼是感觉亲切而高兴，觉得非常有趣，很有东西写。因为贝克汉姆对年轻人来说，
实在是太熟悉太有诱惑力了，小贝的出场，无论对男生女生，通常引起的都是狂热与奔放。但是此时要静下心来，逻辑严密、条理清晰、有条不紊地去论述一下偶像崇拜的问题，很多考生马上又坐不住板凳了。要么提笔忘字，要么干脆无话可言，再或者干巴巴说几句就再也不能继续下去。其实，文章探讨的主题应该是当今社会出现的年轻人对明星盲目崇拜的现象。只要围绕这个主题写就行，至于从哪个角度去讨论，自己的具体看法是什么，那不是最重要的。关键是考生的文章观点要明确而清晰，尤其是，词句的表达要流畅规范。
图画作文通常写法：第一段揭示现象，描述图画；第二段发表自己对这个现象的分析议论；第三段针对该现象提出自己的看法或发出自己的倡导。可写性很强。 二、经典范文赏析 Part A 范文 Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m a teacher of Renmin University of China and I’d like to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote part of your province. Therefore,I would be most grateful if you could send me information regarding such a child who has met the following requirements: First,he must be very poor and truly in need of help. Second,he must have the strong desire to improve things around him. Third, he must be healthy, happy and optimistic. Last but not the least is that he must be willing to return to his hometown to do something for it after graduation from university.
I would send him money every year from this year on until he finishes his higher education.Your prompt reply to this letter would be highly appreciated. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon. Sincerely Yours, Li Ming 译文
亲爱的先生/女士：
我是中国人民大学的一名老师。我想为希望工程做点贡献，打算资助你省边远地区的一个孩子。因此，如果你能提供符合以下条件的一个孩子信息给我，我将不胜感激：
第一，他必须很穷，真的需要帮助。第二，他必须有强烈的愿望，想要改善他周围的事物。第三，他必须健康、快乐，并且乐观。最后一点但很重要的一点是，大学毕业后他必须愿意回到他的家乡为家乡做贡献。 我将从今年开始每年都给他寄钱，直到他完成高等教育。盼望你尽快回信。 李明 黄金句型
I’d like to contribute to... 我想为„„做贡献。
I would be most grateful if you... 如果你„„我将不胜感激。
Last but not the least is that... 最后一点但很重要的一点是„„
Your... would be highly appreciated. 盼望你„„
I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon. 盼望你的来信。 Part B 范文
There are two pictures:The first is a photo of a man’s face on which the name of the famous football player Beckham can be seen. In the second picture we can see a man in a barbershop, his hair being done in Beckham’s hair style, costing him 300 yuan.
Obviously,the two persons are fans of Beckham.These pictures, although a little exaggerating and satirical at first glance, can make us ponder: why does this phenomenon appear?As is known to all, with the development of modern communications, more and more people are influenced by some socalled “stars”. Therefore,we have many fans who run after and imitate them－film stars,athletic stars, even stars of supergirl singers. First,they do so because they admire them and want to obtain their fame and reputation. Second, although there is no denying the fact that some people do this out of pure adiration, yet, some just want to become wealthy overnight－without hard work, without sweat, just effortlessly.
Anyway, in my opinion, our government must educate our people－especially the youth－that some famous people get their reputation because they have made great contribution to our society－such as Liu Xiang. And we ourselves also must understand that their achievement is not easy job. We’d better turn our admiration into practical action to learn from them so that we can make even greater contribution to our country in the future. 译文
这里有两幅图：第一张是一个人脸上写着著名足球运动员贝克汉姆的名字。第二张我们可以看见一个人在理发店里，他让理发师按照贝克汉姆的发型给他做头发，花了300元。
很明显，这两人是贝克汉姆的崇拜者。这些图片，尽管第一眼看上去有些夸张和讽刺，仍然可以使我们深思：为什么会发生这种现象？众所周知的是：随着现代传媒的发展，越来越多的人都被这样的“明星”影响。因此，有很多追随和模仿他们的追星族——电影明星，体育明星，甚至“超女”歌星。第一，他们这样做是因为他们崇拜他们，想得到他们的名声。第二，尽管不可否认的是一些人这么做纯粹是出于崇拜，但是，也有一些人只是想一夜暴富——不需努力工作，不需流汗，只是无需努力。
以我的观点，无论如何，我们的都必须教育人民——尤其是年轻人—— 一些著名的人得到他们的声誉是因为他们为我们的社会做出了巨大贡献——比如刘翔。我们自己必须理解他们的成就是不容易的。我们最好将我们的崇拜转化为学习他们的实际行动，这样我们才能在将来为我们国家做出更大的贡献。 黄金句型
These pictures, although a little exaggerating and satirical at first glance, can make us ponder... 这些图片，尽管第一眼看上去有些夸张和讽刺，仍然可以使我们深思„„ As is known to all... 众所周知的是„„
Although there is no denying the fact that... 尽管不可否认的是„„ 一、2005年真题解说
2005年开始，考研英语写作变成A、B两部分，首次出现了应用文写作。以下对这两部分分别加以介绍。 Part A
51. Directions:
Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs & Fashions. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), and making an apology.
Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use \"Li Ming\" instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)
2005年应用文部分考的是一封辞职信，内容是说两个月前你得到了一份编辑工作，但是现在你发现这份工作并不向你想象当中那么如意，所以你决定辞职。要求写一封信给老板，告诉他你的决定，说明理由，并且表示歉意。
在写作时，可以把辞职信当作求职信的反面加道歉信。严格意义也可以当作是道歉信的一种，就本文的情景而言，因为已经担任工作了，刚来就辞职，难免感觉非常抱歉。实际上此命题与大纲样题是相同的，只是大纲里面会明确的说：第一，告诉你他的决定。第二，说明你的理由。第三，表示你的道歉。那么考生看到这道题以后，要会把题变通，尽管题目里面没有三点提纲，但是实际上就是要求做三件事情，第一说明你的决定，这是写作的意图。第二你的理由，为什么要辞职？这是真正展示你语言才华的拓展性部分。第三，表示你的道歉，这是一个礼貌性的原则。写书信的时候，大家不要忘记，它是社会交往的一种形式，它替代的是人与人之间面对面的沟通，它不同于第二篇作文，它的根本性在于它是社会交往的书面形式。所以，必须尊重一些交际规则。
具体来说，这一道题要求只有100字左右。篇幅很短，所以第一句话应该是开门见山，说明写信的目的。中间部分解释辞职的理由，这一部分一般思路上是不会有问题的，关键是语言的组织，实际上应用文部分对语言的难度要求不是特别高，只要能够完成题目规定的任务就可以了。最后再用一、两句话表示道歉。 关于这篇小作文要注意：第一，注意书信的格式。第二，将写作意图、原因阐述、礼貌原则全部涉及到位。 Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing the interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it. You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)
2005年第二篇作文依然采用了图画作文的形式。题目为养老“足球赛”，画的四角均有一个足球门，守门的是一个老人的四个子女：大儿子、二儿子、小儿子和小女儿。画的中间是一个蜷缩成一团的老人，呈球型，代表球。作文要求与以往的图画作文相似：先描述图画，再谈看法。这篇文章主要批判有些子女不赡养父母，将父母像踢足球一样踢来踢去。同第一篇作文一样，它的命题形式也没有给一个明确的三段式提纲，也是用一句话来表述，描述图画、解释寓意和对图画进行评论。但是，我们可以非常容易的看出这实际上还是一种“三段式”的逻辑思维方式。这篇作文从命题的角度来看反映了三个特点：主题具有一定的普遍性、中心思想相当明确、考生有话可说。
在实际写作中要注意：不要把养老足球赛上的场面进行过分细节化的描述，因为画面上是三个儿子，
一个女儿，一个老父亲五个人，如果每个人写上一句话，就占到160-200词儿的一大部分，显然这是不明智的。但是也不能走上另外一个极端，就是基本上不描述，只是泛泛而谈。根据教育部以往评分的标准来看，图画描述不够将会被扣分。
核心的段落，应该是在第二段。第二段就是把这幅漫画的意图要说清楚，说明它给我们带来的思考。我们要通过现象看本质，为什么会是这样？这些年轻人到底怎么了？这些老年人为什么会是现在这种状况呢？人都是要老的，是不是会让我们意识到一点，我们现在如此对待老年人，把他像足球一样踢来踢去，如果假设真是这样的话，那这个老年人的今天也有可能就是你自己的明天，这些都是有感而发的。 第三段可以对这件事情发表评论，也可以写成你的一些建议，如何解决这个社会问题等。 一、2004年真题解说 Directions：
Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should 1) describe the drawing 2) interpret its meaning, and 3) support your view with examples
You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
2004年考研写作考查了图画作文。按照题目这篇作文应该包括三点：第一点是描述图画中的内容；第二点是阐述其含义；第三点是用若干例子来支持自己的观点。 本题的写作步骤： 1． 认真审题
考生首先要看懂图片包含的内容，根据题目的要求考虑是否需要给出标题。本题中并没有要求写标题，考生可以根据自己是否有把握来选择是否要写标题，一个好的标题可以起到画龙点睛的作用，但如果没有把握就不要写，避免画蛇添足。通过审题，我们知道主人公是个正跑到终点线上的小男孩，他头上冒着汗，嘴角却带着笑，地上一个箭头写着终点，而另一个却又写着起点。下面的一行字写着“终点又是新起点”。 2． 理解画面的含义
这是写作最重要的部分。考生可以根据自己对人类社会、对日常生活的观察或自身的亲身感受来做出不同的解释。比如考生可以用辩证的观点，说明世上的任何事物都是向前发展的，不断更替的。就像长跑比赛一样有终点，一旦到达终点，又有一个新的起点。也可以理解为人类的历史就是这样不断奋勇向前的。 3． 用若干具体事例支持自己的观点
其实这样的实例是很多的。比如说，人类对某一自然现象的理解取得了突破性进展（如基因的发现解答了生物遗传之谜，同时又标志着动物克隆的一个新起点；我国神州五号飞船胜利返航到达终点，同时也意味
着我国太空探索领域的新起点）。再近一点，经过4年的紧张学习，我们的大学时代即将到达终点；而从另一方面看，无论我们考上研究生还是投身于社会，未来的岁月对我们来说都是一个新的起点等。 4． 列出提纲和主题句，围绕提纲完成全文。 二、经典范文赏析
Stopping for a New Start
In the picture presented to us, we can see a runner who is dashing to the finishing line, dripping with sweat all over the forehead. Apparently, he is very happy at the final victory of the race after a long running. However, as an arrow marked \"End\" points to the finishing line, there immediately follows another arrow marked with \"Beginning\".
Though this picture only describing a runner who is going to start a new run after reaching the finishing line, yet it demonstrates a universal law that governs the development of mankind. Judging from the title \"Finishing Line Leads to Another Starting Point\we get to know the artist餾 real intention: he tries to indicate that there is no end on the way of making progress. This drawing reminds me a lot of phenomena in the world. The most obvious example is the discovery of gene, which is the final solution to the mystery of the life. But on the other hand, it is a staring point that triggers off the study of cloning. Another example is the safe return of Shenzhou V spaceship, which marks the triumphant end of the launch. At the same time, it begins a new era for China餾 space exploration. A third example concerns something about ourselves. Four years college life is now approaching to the end and each of us is going to stand at a new starting point, either as a postgraduate or a member of the society. In this sense, we are stopping for a new start. Only when we are well瞤repared for it, can we meet the challenge in the future and be the winner of the new era. 译文 迎接新起点
从所给的图中，我们可以看到一个运动员正跑向终点，他的头上冒着汗。显然，跑了这么长终于达到终点他非常高兴。但是，一个箭头指向终点线的同时，另一个箭头上却写着起点。
尽管这个图片只描述了一个运动员到达终点后又要准备新的起跑的事情，但它却揭示了一个有关人类发展的永恒规律。从题目“终点又是新起点”中我们不难看出作者的真正目的是要告诉我们在人类进步的路途上永远都没有终点
这幅图使我想起了世界上很多事情。最明显的就是基因的发现，虽然解答了生物遗传之谜，但也标志着动物克隆的一个新起点。另我国神州五号飞船胜利返航到达终点也意味着我国太空探索领域的新起点。最后一个例子和我们的生活息息相关。经过4年的紧张学习，我们的大学时代即将到达终点；而从另一方
面看，无论我们考上研究生还是投身于社会，未来的岁月对我们来说都是一个新的起点。只有我们做好准备才能迎接未来的挑战，做新时代的胜利者。 黄金句型
In the picture presented to us, we can see... 从所给的图中，我们可以看到„„
Though this picture only describes..., yet it demonstrates a universal law that... 尽管这幅图片只描述了„„，但它却揭示了一个关于„„的普遍规律。 Judging from..., we get to know... 从„„的判断，我们知道„„ This drawing reminds me... 这幅画使我想起„„ Only when... can we ... 我们只有„„才能„„ 一、2003年真题解说 66.Directions:
1) describe the set of drawings, Interpret its meaning, and 2) point out its implications in our life.
You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
这篇图画作文给出了提纲，共包括两点：第一点是描述图画，阐述其含义；第二点是指出其中暗含的意思，即在我们生活中的含义。考生应注意提纲要求中meaning和implication是有区别的，前者指图画本身的意思，而后者则指的是通过类比揭示其在现实生活中的道理。
题目给出了两幅相对的图：第一幅图中，尽管外面狂风暴雨，温室里的花朵却依然怒放着。可是第二幅图中，我们看到同样一朵花一旦搬到了室外，在风雨中立即就凋谢了，由此也印证了题目中“温室中的花朵经不起风雨”的论断，这就是两幅图的含义。
根据这一论断，考生可以自由联想其在生活中的含义。最明显的就是当前社会孩子的教育问题和独生子女问题。很多父母对孩子百般溺爱，恐怕孩子吃一点苦，受一点委屈，父母为孩子包办一切，将孩子当作是“温室里的花朵”，结果孩子缺乏解决问题的能力，一旦遇到挫折就手足无措。此外在当前的教
育制度下，孩子学习负担沉重，绝大部分时间都在学校和家庭度过，根本没有接触社会的机会，这样又怎么能茁壮成长呢？
经过以上分析，考生基本已经有了整体的思路。可以根据提纲将文章分为三段。第一段是描述图画。第二段是揭示其在现实生活中的含义。可以类比于生活中孩子的教育问题，并分析这种现象产生的原因。最后一段可以总结自己的观点，得出结论。 二、经典范文赏析
The above two pictures have shaped contrast to each other. As is shown in the first drawing, the flower is placed in a cozy green house which shelters it from the severe wind and storm. With proper temperature and other good conditions, the flower is growing in full bloom. In contrast, when removed from the green house and exposed to the wind and storm, the flower immediately fades and withers, with most of its petals cast about on the ground. The two pictures show us that the flower growing in the green house can not withstand the ordeal of the wind and storm. It is most likely that the drawer means to compare children in our country to the flower in the drawing and reflect a problem in the present education of our children. For one thing, most parents provide excessive doting care and material supplies to protect the children from the harsh reality. For another, most children are too heavily burden with studies that they have little time to take part in social activities. Once the children begin to seek independence and face challenges from the real competitive world, they are found too spoiled to be strong enough to endure the hardships and difficulties of various sorts.
In sum, it is essential for us to solve the problem of children餾 education timely and effectively. Only by undergoing more predicaments can young people develop strong personality and ability needed in the future, and only in this way can they eventually become winners in our competitive changing world. 译文
以上两幅图画形成了鲜明的对比。第一幅中，花放在了舒适的温室中，可以避免接触风雨。温室中温度适宜良好的条件使得花朵能够尽情绽放。相反，当这朵花到了室外，一旦遇到风雨花儿立刻就枯萎了，花瓣都调落了。两幅图告诉我们温室里得花朵经不起风雨。
作者很可能想通过将我们社会中的孩子比作画中的花朵，来反映当前孩子的教育问题。一方面，很多家长对孩子非常溺爱，提供各种物质条件，不让他们接触现实。另一方面，孩子课业负担沉重，无暇参加社会活动。一旦孩子要面对残酷的竞争，就会发现无法忍受各种困难和艰辛。
总之，我们必须要及时有效地解决孩子地教育问题。只有经历困境，年经人才能磨练坚强的个性，也只有这样他们才能最终成为社会的强者。 黄金句型
The above two pictures have shaped contrast to each other. As is shown in the first drawing, ... In contrast...
以上两幅图画形成了鲜明的对比。第一幅中„„,相反„„
The two pictures show us that... 两幅图告诉我们„„
It is most likely that the drawer means to compare ... to ... in the drawing and reflect a problem in .... For one thing, ... For another...
作者很可能想通过将„„比作„„来反映„„的问题。一方面„„，另一方面„„
In sum, it is essential for us to... 总之，我们必须„„
Only... can... 只有„„才能„„ 一、2002年真题解说 Directions:
Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled \"Cultures睳ational and International\". In the essay you should
1) describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and 2) give your comment on the phenomenon.
You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points) An American girl in traditional Chinese costume(服装)
2002年考查的也是图画作文，但却是第一次使用照片。照片上是一位穿着传统中国服饰的美国姑娘，她的脸上挂着微笑，可以看出她非常高兴，上面还有一行关于照片的注释。文章中已经给出了标题和大纲。大纲主要有两点：一是描述图片并解释含义；二是对此现象做出自己的评论。从照片中考生很容易就可以想到其寓意是民族的文化可以成为世界的。确定了这个主题后，我们就可以进一步确定一个支配思想，即
这一趋势对于人类发展是有利的。接下来考生就可以围绕这一思想，分三段进行写作，首段简要地描述照片，次段阐述其含义，末段给出评论。在审题构思时应注意：以小见大、把握象征寓意。关于评论部分可以有三个写作角度：提建议、考虑背景及原因、或描述未来、预测未来。考生最好能列出简单的提纲，写好每段的主题句，最后进行扩展。对于这张照片的描述可能会有一些单词需要特别注意：如发带 ribbon、耳环 earrings、项链 necklace、少数民族 minority group、妇女服饰accessories等。 二．经典范文赏析
Cultures-National and International
At first sight of the picture, my eyes are brightened by the pretty girl, beaming with a simile on her face. She is a typical American girl, but she is dresses in our traditional Chinese costume. It seems that the girl is very proud of the Chinese costume.
It goes without saying that the picture indicates that a culture of one nation may become international, which is beneficial to all human beings. Actually the girl stands for two different cultures-western and eastern cultures. Her charming smile is the essential touch of the whole picture, which symbolizes the harmonious blending of the two cultures. With economic globalization, the blending of different cultures has become a necessary trend of the times. On one hand, a large number of people from different countries have been pouring into China. On the other hand, Chinese people are also exposed to different foreign cultures when they go abroad or when more foreign people come to China. In this way, people from various nations in the world will be able to acquire better understanding of each other.
As far as I am concerned, I think this phenomenon is good to all of us. It is an effective way to achieve efficient cross-cultural communication and promote world peace and prosperity. 译文
看到这张照片的第一眼，我就被这个面带微笑的漂亮女孩吸引了。很明显她是一个美国女孩，但她却穿着传统的中国服饰。看上去她对于她穿的中国服饰非常的自豪。
勿容置疑这张照片揭示了这样一个道理，民族的可以变成世界的，这对人类的发展是有益的。事实上这个女孩代表了两种文化——西方和东方文化。她充满魅力的微笑是整张照片的核心，代表着两种文化的和谐相融。随着经济全球化，不同文化的融合已经成为一个趋势。一方面，很多外国人涌到了中国，另一方面，更多的中国人也可以自己出国或与来中国的外国人有更多的接触。这样，世界各地的人们就可以更好地相互了解。
我个人认为，这一现象对大家都好。这是进行跨文化交流和促进世界和平和繁荣的一种非常有效的方法。
黄金句型
At first sight of the picture, my eyes are brightened by... 看到这张照片的第一眼，我就被„„吸引了。
It seems that... 看起来„„
It goes without saying that the picture indicates that... 勿容置疑这张照片揭示了„„
With economic globalization, the blending of different cultures has become a necessary trend of the times.
随着经济全球化，不同文化的融合已经成为一个趋势。
On one hand... on the other hand... 一方面„„，另一方面„„
As far as I am concerned, I think... 我个人认为„„
It is an effective way to achieve efficient cross-cultural communication and promote world peace and prosperity.
这是进行跨文化交流和促进世界和平和繁荣的一种非常有效的方法。 一．2001年真题解说 Directions:
Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest, but everyone has his/her own understanding of it. There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper. Write an essay to the newspaper to
1) show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the picture below,
2) give a specific example, and
3) give your suggestion as to the best way to show love. You should write about 200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
2001年考研作文经历了一次重大的变革——文章要求有所改动：字数增多，由原来的150字增到200字，也就是说180字以下的文章要扣分。同时写作部分的分值也由15分提高到20分，充分体现了写作在考研英语测试中的重要地位。
本文中的图画非常简单，结合提示考生很容易理解其含义，但这张图片的意义却很深远：油灯上面的火焰是一个孩子的微笑，在黑暗中发出明亮的光芒，上面还有一句提示语“爱心是一盏灯，在越黑暗的地方越明亮。”这句话的理解关系到对整篇文章中心思想的正确理解。这句话的前半句是个比喻，后半句是一个越„„越„„的结构，考生应该深刻领会爱心的重要作用。本文中的提纲有三点，一是写出对于图画象征意义的理解，二是举出一个具体的事例，三是就献爱心的最好办法给出建议。另外这道题目中增加了情景语言，即：包括情景说明，提纲说明，以及图画。降低了题目的难度，考生可以结合提纲式作文、规定情景作文和图画作文的写作特点完成本文的写作。但要注意一个重要原则：英语情景说明语句，不可直接照搬，需要进行改动。尽量应用同义，近义词，相关表达，不同句式改造。例如worthy 可以替换为valuable，feelings 可以替换为 emotions，mankind 可以替换为 human being，noblest可以替换为greatest等。我们可分三段来完成本文。在第一段中不仅应描述图画，还应描述上面的那句话。在第二段中，应举一个能与图画所表达的道理相匹配的典型事例。这样的事例很多，考生可以结合自己的经历列举，如希望工程、抗洪捐款等等，也可以列举具体人物。最后一段中，考生可以提出自己的建议，这一部分难度不高，考生可以套用一些模版句型。 二．经典范文赏析
In the picture presented to us, an oil lamp gives out bright flame against the dark background. The flame is like a child餾 smile, so innocent and pure. The oil lamp here is a symbol of love, which is the greatest among all the valuable emotions of human being. Just as the Chinese characters around the lamp say, love is a lamp; the darker the room is, the brighter it looks. It is true that the harder the situation is, the more valuable love is.
One good example to illustrate this love is the \"Hope Project\". As we all know, although our economy is much better than years of ago, a great gap still remains between east and west regions, between large cities and rural areas. Thousands of poor children are forced to quit school because of lacking of money. All works of life have worried about this situation. \"Hope Project\is proposed just in time, calls for people to show their loves for those children unable to go to school, and tens of thousands of people has lent their hands without asking for any return. The best way to show love, I think, is to be devoted to our work and our nation. Everyone is indeed unique loved by the people around, and therefore we must learn to love others, and try our best to shoulder the responsibility of the job so as to help others live better and make contribution to our nation.
译文
图中我们可以看到一盏灯正在黑暗中闪耀着光芒。火焰像一张充满童贞的笑脸。这盏灯是爱的象征，爱是人类所有感情中最伟大的。正如图中的汉字所写“爱心是一盏灯，在越黑暗的地方越明亮。”的确情况越艰难就越能显示爱的伟大。
阐述这种爱一个好例子就是“希望工程”。我们都知道，尽管近年来，我们的经济条件比以前好了很多，但东西、城乡差距依然存在。很多困难家庭的孩子因为没有钱只好辍学。社会各界对此都非常担心。“希望工程”应声而出，它呼吁人们为不能上学的孩子献爱心。成千上万的人不求回报的伸出了爱心之手。 我认为献爱心最好的办法就是投身工作，献身国家。我们每一个人都在接受着身边人的爱，因此我们要学爱他人。我们应该尽力完成好自己的本职工作帮助他人更好地生活，大家都能为祖国做贡献。
黄金句型
In the picture presented to us... 图中我们可以看到„„
Just as ... say, ... 正如„„所说„„
It is true that the harder the situation is, the more valuable love is. 的确情况越艰难就越能显示爱的伟大。
One good example to illustrate this love is the \"Hope Project\"。 阐述这种爱一个好例子就是“希望工程”。
As we all know,... 我们都知道„„
The best way to..., I think, is to... 我认为做„„最好的方法是„„
一．2000年真题解说 Directions:
A. Study the following two pictures carefully and write and essay of at least 150 words. B. Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. C. Your essay should meet the requirements below: 1. Describe the pictures.
2. Deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures. 3. Suggest counter瞞easures.
A brief History of World Commercial Fishing
2000年考研作文是真正意义上的图画作文考查的开始，这是继1998年之后第二次出现图画作文，也是之后连续考查图画作文的开始。这道题目中所给出的两张图片，形成了鲜明的对比：1900年浩瀚的海洋上只有一艘捕鱼的船只，鱼儿却很多；到了1995年情况正好相反，船只成群，而鱼儿却只剩一条了。这样的差别给人的震撼力是巨大的，显然在多年的商业捕鱼之后，渔业资源遭受到了巨大的破坏。题目中给出的提纲共有三点：第一点是描述图画，第二点是推断绘画者的意图，第三点给出对策，即解决问题的办法。考生应该根据提纲来构建文章的三个段落。 二．经典范文赏析
A Brief History of World Commercial Fishing
This picture shows a drastic change in the world餾 commercial fishing. The two parts display totally different scenes in 1900 and 1995. In 1900, there were a large number of fish while only one boat was fishing on the ocean. But in 1995 fishing boats increased sharply while only one fish was left. The fish supplies have almost been exhausted by overfishing.
Judging from the picture, we can see that within about 100 years, humans have stripped the sea of her generous offerings. If we don餿 put an end to the trend, then the fish in the ocean could become extinct species in the foreseeable future.
Therefore, it is high time we took effective measures to solve this problem. First, we must bring world population under a reasonable control, as overfishing is largely due to the need to fill the additional mouths. Second, every year in the fish餾 mating season, a \"grace period\" should be enforced during which the fish are allowed to reproduce themselves. Third, strict laws should be implemented. Last but not least, we should enhance the awareness of the public that
the ocean resources are very vital to us. Only when these above mentioned measures are put into practice can we save the fish from disappearing completely. 译文
世界商业捕鱼简史
这幅图显示了世界商业捕鱼的一个显著变化。图片两部分显示了1900和1995两种不同的情况。1900年海里鱼儿很多，但只有一艘渔船在捕鱼。但1995年渔船的数量猛增，但鱼却只剩下一条。由于过度捕鱼，鱼的数量已接近枯竭。
从图中我们可以看到100年的时间中人类已经掠夺了大海的丰富资源。如果我们不结束这已趋势，鱼类可能在不远的将来变成灭绝品种。
因此，我们必须采取有效的措施来解决这个问题。首先，我们应该控制人口数量，过度捕鱼的原因之一是要满足更多的食物需求。第二，每年鱼类的交配期，应该有一段“休渔期”以便鱼类完成自我生产。第三，制定严格的法律。最后，我们应该让公众知道海洋资源的重要性。只有实施以上的措施，我们才能保护鱼类免于灭绝。
黄金句型
This picture shows a drastic change in... 这幅图显示了„„的一个显著变化。
The two parts display totally different scenes... 两部分显示了„„的不同情况。
Judging from the picture, we can see that... 从图中，我们可以看到
Therefore, it is high time we took effective measures to solve this problem. First... second...third...last but not least...
因此，我们必须采取有效的措施来解决这个问题。首先„„第二„„第三„„最后„„
Only... can... 只有„„才能„„ 一．1999年真题解说
Directions:
A. Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay in at least 150 words. B. Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ. C. Your essay should cover these three points:
1盓ffect of the country餾 growing human population on its wildlife 2盤ossible reason for the effect
3盰our suggestions for wildlife protection
1999年考研英语写作是继1997之后再次考查了图表作文，当然也是至今为止最后一次考图表作文，1999年之后的题型均为图画作文。图表作文一般分为两大类型考查。一种类型叫粗线条表述，这类题型没有要求对图表进行描述，所以就不需要引用数据论证，只要说出图表的变化就可以了。另外一种叫做细线条作文，或详细描述作文。题目要求对图表进行详细的描述或利用图表阐述自己的观点，这样的题型就应该把图表的细节一一表述出来。
本题中给出了两个图表，分别代表美国人口的增长和物种灭绝。考生仔细观察以上两幅图表中有关1800年至1900年的情况会发现两个数据均成上升趋势，由此我们基本上可以得出人口增长在很大程度上导致了物种灭绝的结论。另外本文中已经提供了提纲，考生应该先仔细阅读提纲要求，再结合图表写出段落主题句，进而扩张成文。提纲中要求我们写三点：第一点是写人口增长对野生动植物的影响。第二点写这种影响可能产生的原因。第三点要求提出自己对野生动植物保护的建议。由于提纲中没有要求对图表进行详细的描述，所以可以在第一段简单描述数据，而后得出结论。接下来的两段再对产生的原因和解决方法进行详细的阐述。终点应该放在第二、三段。 二．经典范文赏析
The ups and downs of population growth
As is seen from the two graphs, it is clear that with the rapid growth of U.S. population from 1800 to 1900, the number of its wildlife species no longer soared during the same period. We can easily draw a conclusion that the sharp decline of wildlife species resulted from the population growth. As human population increases, the species of wildlife decline, and some are even on the brink of extinction.
We may cite a variety of reasons for this situation. But the most contributing one is human being餾 weak sense of wildlife protection which leads to the decrease of wildlife as a result of cases of illegal hunting and killing of wildlife for profits. Besides, the destruction of ecological environment also plays a pushing role. Less and less forest and pasture coverage with more and more pollution and soil erosion due to population problem make it even more difficult
for the wildlife to survive. Hence, unfortunately but naturally a soaring number of human population comes in tandem with a descending variety of wildlife.
Ecological environment construction and protection is a pressing and long-term task. To tackle the problem calls for, above all, the government餾 efforts to control population growth, to decrease pollution and to enhance the laws to forbid wildlife hunting. Moreover, common citizens should take practical actions to protect wild animals as well as our living environment. 译文
人口增长的沉浮
从以上两幅图表中我们可以清楚的看到1800年到1900年间美国人口急剧增长，但同期野生动植物灭绝的数量也随之急剧增长。从中我们很容易的得出人口增长在很大程度上导致物种的灭绝。随着人口的增多，野生动植物越来越少，有的甚至濒临灭绝。
我们可以找到很多理由来解释这一现象。但最重要的就是人们的保护意识淡漠，为了获利疯狂猎杀野生动植物的行为导致了物种的灭绝。另外，生态环境的破坏也起了很大的作用。森林和草场的覆盖率越来越低，另一方面由于人口增长导致的污染和土地腐化却越来越严重，在这样的条件野生动植物很难生存。因此不幸的事情发生了，野生动植物的数量随人口的增长越来越少。
生态环境的维护是一个紧迫而又长期的任务。要解决这个问题，首先，要控制人口增长，减少污染，制定法律禁止猎杀野生动植物。此外，普通公民应该采取实际行动保护野生动植物和我们的生存环境。
黄金句型
As is seen from the two graphs, it is clear that... 从以上两幅图表中我们可以清楚的看到„„
We can easily draw a conclusion that... 从中我们很容易的得出„„
We may cite a variety of reasons for this situation. But the most contributing one is..., besides... 我们可以找到很多理由来解释这一现象。但最重要的就是„„，另外„„
... is a pressing and long-term task. „„是一个紧迫而又长期的任务。
To tackle the problem calls for, above all,... Moreover, 解决这个问题首先需要„„，此外„„ 一．1998年真题解说 Directions:
A. Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words. B. Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ. C. Your essay should meet the requirements below: 1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon. 2. Give your comments.
1998年的考研作文是第一次出现图画作文，图画作文又可以细分为照片、图片、漫画等多种形式。另外还有一点变化，就是从1998年开始考研写作字数从原来不少于120字增加到不少于150字，这一要求一直持续到2000年。从2001年起，字数增加到200字左右。不过从2005年起因为增加了应用文作文，故大作文的字数要求有所降低，为现在的160－200字左右。不过图画类作文应该是考试准备的重中之重。 本题属于漫画类，画的是一只下蛋的母鸡，可笑的是母鸡手中拿着一份承诺书，旁边还有一首诗对漫画的内容进行了讽刺。对于漫画类题型，考生注意对漫画的描述不是最重要的，与之相比，揭示出其中的深刻寓意更为重要。本题的提纲要求两点：第一点是写出漫画所包含的信息；第二点是给出评论。总的说来，第一点是相当固定的，考生只要对漫画进行简单描述就可以了。需要提醒的是我们应着力描写母鸡手中的承诺书，而不需要将旁边的诗进行逐句翻译，不过诗歌的题目倒是可以借鉴——《如此承诺》，因此考生可以将本文的题目写成如My View on So瞔alled Promises等。提纲的第二点为考生留出了很大的想象的空间。诚信问题一直是社会热点问题，相信考生写作都会有很多的思路，只要选择自己能够驾驭的语言将其意义揭示出来，并发表自己的看法即可。考生可以从此种承诺产生的原因，和此种承诺的危害性等方面进行扩展。 二．经典范文赏析
As can be seen from the cartoon, a hen is making promises that her eggs are all round and consist of shells, egg whites and yolks. We all know that hen餾 duty is to lay eggs, but she promises what she should do! In our daily life, many people, just like the hen, keep making such promises in which they take duties and responsibilities as virtue to be proud of.
Such promises, I think, come into being mainly for two reasons. First, some profit-driven enterprises take advantages of such promises to win people餾 trust; however, their advertisements are merely misleading and cheating. Second, some of organizations and individuals that have good fame are by all means politicizing their deeds, but actually they just do what they should do.
In my opinion, doing more is better than promising more, since people are willing to be served sincerely. What we should lay more emphasis on is what we do and how we can virtually improve the level of service. Only in this way can we make people satisfied with what we do. 译文
从漫画中我们看到一只母鸡正在承诺，它下的蛋都是圆的并且包含所有鸡蛋的成分。我们都知道母鸡的职责就是下蛋，但它却为自己份内的事情作承诺。在现实生活中，很多人同这只鸡一样，把自己的责任和义务当作值得夸耀的奉献。
我认为之所以有这样的承诺原因有二。第一，一些受利益驱使的企业利用这样的承诺来赢得人们的信任，但他们的广告基本上不过是误导和欺骗。第二，一些有名的机构和个人千方百计宣传他们的作为，其实他们不过是履行自己的职责而已。
我认为，做事比承诺更重要，因为每个人都希望真诚相待。我们应该把重点放在我们该做什么，怎么做才能改进我们的服务等方面。只有这样人们才会对我们做的事情满意。
黄金句型
As can be seen from the cartoon... 从漫画中我们看到„„
Such promises, I think, come into being mainly for two reasons. First..., second... 我认为之所以有这样的承诺原因有二。第一„„，第二„„
In my opinion, doing more is better than promising more, since people are willing to be served sincerely.
我认为，做事比承诺更重要，因为每个人都希望真诚相待。
What we should lay more emphasis on is... 我们应该把重点放在„„ 一．1997年真题解说 Directions:
A. Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 120.
B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.
C. Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below: 1. Interpret the following picture.
2. Predict the tendency of tobacco consumption and give your reasons.
1997年考研英语写作经历了从传统的命题作文向图表作文与图画作文的转变，而且这样的趋势一直沿用至今。写作的字数也由120到150字改为不少于120字，为第二年提高字数打下了基础。这篇文章没有题目，考生可以根据自己的语言水平，如果没有把握没有必要加题目。
本题中出现的图表相对比较复杂，既有柱形图又有饼形图，另外还有两个数据（单个数据不能称为图表）。本题给出了英文提纲，主要有两点，可分成两段来写，第一点是解释下面的图画，第二点是烟草消费的趋势并给出原因。首先考生应该清楚图表中吸烟人口比例与吸烟损失（包括金钱与生命）都是绝对数字，这些数字本身是相当惊人的，另外图中的另外两个数据我们可以看到世界烟草总产量呈逐年下降的趋势，这些可以作为预测的出发点。根据提纲第一点对阐释图表的要求，考生可以在第一段对前三个数据进行概括地描述，然后在第二段中根据后一对数据中所表达的趋势进行预测，关于自己的理由部分，考生从图中可以看到两点提示，考生可以从吸烟浪费资金和有害健康两方面进行阐释。吸烟问题也是近年来的热点问题，考生事先应该有很多话题贮备，但应注意所选择的题材应该与图表有关，要使文章做到中心明确，内容连贯。 二．经典范文赏析
The problem of smoking has been widely discussed all over the world. As is shown in the pictures, smokers make up 20% of the world餾 total population. And tobacco has caused a loss of 200 billions dollars and claimed 3 million lives annually.
However, it is encouraging that the world tobacco production has dropped from that of 14.3 billion pounds in 1994 to that of 14.2 billion pounds in 1995. According to this change, I am confident that there will be less and less tobacco consumption in the future, generally for two reasons. On the one hand, more and more people are aware of the great harm of smoking and join in the fight against it. On the other hand, many governments have attached more attention to this social hazard and have taken many measures to put an end to it. The most obvious example is the ban of tobacco advertisement on mass media in some countries. Therefore, I have every reason to believe that the fight against smoking will be won at last. 译文
全世界都在广泛地讨论吸烟问题。在图表中我们可以看到，烟民人数已占到了世界总人口的20％。每年由吸烟带来的经济损失已经达到2000亿美元，有300万人由于吸烟失去了宝贵的生命。
但是，我们欣喜地看到世界烟草总产量已由1994年的143.亿磅下降到1995年的142亿磅。根据这一变化，我确信将来烟草消费会逐年下降，原因有两个。一方面，越来越多的人认识到吸烟的危害性，并
且加入到了反对吸烟的战役中。另一方面，许多国家都更加重视吸烟问题，并且采取了很多措施来禁止。最明显的例子就是一些国家禁止在大众媒体上做烟草的广告。因此，我有理由相信最终我们一定能够打赢反对吸烟的战役。
黄金句型
The problem of ... has been widely discussed all over the world.
„„问题正在全世界范围内广泛讨论。
As is shown in the pictures,...
如图所示„„
However, it is encouraging that... 但，„„让人感到欣慰。
According to ..., I am confident that... 根据„„我非常确信„„
On one hand... on the other hand... 一方面„„，另一方面„„
The most obvious example is 最明显的例子就是„„
Therefore, I have every reason to believe that 因此，我有理由相信„„
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