Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
On average, American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more than they did in 1981. They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet (芭蕾舞). Involvement in sports, in particular, rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997: boys now spend an average of four hours a week playing sports。 girls log half that time. All in all, however, children’s leisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25%.
“Children are affected by the same time crunch (危机) that affects their parents,” says Sandra Hofferth, who headed the recent study of children’s timetable. A chief reason, she says, is that more mothers are working outside the home. (Nevertheless, children in both double-income and “male breadwinner” households spent comparable mounts of time interacting with their parents, 19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.)
All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids. “Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself,” says T. Berry Brazelton, professor at HarvardMedicalSchool. Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers, but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it.
The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing “free time” watching television. But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings parents might regard as good news. If they’re spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids aren’t replacing it with reading. Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading. Let’s face it, who’s got the time?
21. By mentioning “the same time crunch” (Line 1, Para. 2) Sandra Hofferth means ________. A) children have little time to play with their parents
B) children are not taken good care of by their working parents C) both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure time D) both parents and children have trouble managing their time
22. According to the author, the reason given by Sandra Hofferth for the time crunch is______. A) quite convincing B) partially true C) totally groundless D) rather confusing
23. According to the author a child develops better if ______. A) he has plenty of time reading and studying B) he is left to play with his peers in his own way C) he has more time participating in school activities D) he is free to interact with his working parents
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24. The author is concerned about the fact that American kids ______. A) are engaged in more and more structured activities B) are increasingly neglected by their working mothers C) are spending more and more time watching TV D) are involved less and less in household work 25. We can infer from the passage that ______.
A) extracurricular activities promote children’s intelligence B) most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched off C) efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitful D) most parents believe reading to be beneficial to children
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
Henry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, ‘The business of America is business.” By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world.
Few would argue with Ford’s statement. A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industry” or “show business.”
The positive side of Henry Ford’s statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U.S. life. One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job. Jobs are produced in abundance (大量地) because the U.S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life.
The negative side of Henry Ford’s statement, however, can be seen when the word business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business—referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the right to form unions. Today, many of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. Downsizing—the laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high -- creates feelings of insecurity for many.
26. The united States is a typical country ______.
A) which encourages free trade at homes and abroad B) where people’s chief concern is how to make money C) where all businesses are managed scientifically
D) which normally works according to the federal budget
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27. The influence of business in the U.S. is evidenced by the fact that ______. A) most newspapers are run by big businesses
B) even public organizations concentrate on working for profits C) Americans of all professions know how to do business D) even arts and entertainment are regarded as business
28. According to the passage, immigrants choose to settle in the U.S., dreaming that ______. A) they can start profitable businesses there B) they can be more competitive in business C) they will make a fortune overnight there D) they will find better chances of employment
29. Henry Ford’s statements can be taken negatively because ______. A) working people are discouraged to fight for their rights B) there are many industries controlled by a few big capitalists
C) there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and labor D) public services are not run by the federal government
30. A company’s efforts to keep expenses low and profits high may result in ______. A) reduction in the number of employees B) improvement of working conditions
C) fewer disputes between labor and management D) a rise in workers’ wages Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions for a fortnight. When he came to analyse their embarrassing lapses (差错) in a scientific report, he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings. Nor did the lapses appear to be entirely random (随机的).
One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. “The explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer,” explains the professor. “People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the woman’s custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings. But somehow the action got reversed in the programme.” About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these “programme assembly failures.”
Altogether the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doing – an average of twelve each. There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest (荒谬可笑的). These are two hours some time between eight a.m. and noon, between four and six p.m. with a smaller peak between eight and ten p.m. “Among men the peak seems to be when a changeover in brain ‘programmes’ occurs, as for instance between going to and from work.” Women on average reported slightly more lapses – 12.5 compared with 10.9 for men – probably because they were more reliable reporters.
A startling finding of the research is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse – even dangerous.
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31. In his study Professor Smith asked the subjects ______. A) to keep track of people who tend to forget things B) to report their embarrassing lapses at random
C) to analyse their awkward experiences scientifically D) to keep a record of what they did unintentionally 32. Professor Smith discovered that ______.
A) certain patterns can be identified in the recorded incidents
B) many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent-mindedness C) men tend to be more absent-minded than women D) absent-mindedness is an excusable human weakness
33. “Programme assembly failures” (Line 6, Para.2) refers to the phenomenon that people ______. A) often fail to programme their routines beforehand B) tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurry C) unconsciously change the sequence of doing things D) are likely to mess things up if they are too tired 34. We learn from the third paragraph that ______.
A) absent-mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the day B) women are very careful to perform actions during peak periods C) women experience more peak periods of absent-mindedness D) men’s absent-mindedness often results in funny situations 35. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.
A) people should avoid doing important things during peak periods of lapses B) hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good at C) people should be careful when programming their actions D) lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentration
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
It’s no secret that many children would be healthier and happier with adoptive parents than with the parents that nature dealt them. That’s especially true of children who remain in abusive homes bemuse the law blindly favors biological parents. It’s also true of children who suffer for years in foster homes (收养孩子的家庭) because of parents who can’t or won’t care for them but refuse to give up custody (监护) rights.
Fourteen-year-old Kimberly Mays fits neither description, but her recent court victory could eventually help children who do. Kimberly has been the object of an angry custody battle between the man who raised her and her biological parents, with whom she has never lived. A Florida judge ruled that the teenager can remain with the only father she’s ever known and that her biological parents have “no legal claim” on her.
The ruling, though it may yet be reversed, sets aside the principle that biology is the primary determinant of parentage. That’s an important development, one that’s long overdue.
Shortly after birth in December 1978, Kimberly Mays and another infant were mistakenly switched and sent home with the wrong parents. Kimberly’s biological parents, Ernest and Regina Twigg, received a child who died of a heart disease in 1988. Medical tests showed that the child
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wasn’t the Twiggs’ own daughter, but Kimberly was, thus sparking a custody battle with Robert Mays. In 19, the two families agreed that Mr. Mays would maintain custody with the Twiggs getting visiting rights. Those rights were ended when Mr. Mays decided that Kimberly was being harmed.
The decision to leave Kimberly with Mr. Mays rendered her suit debated. But the judge made clear that Kimberly did have standing to sue (起诉) on her own behalf. Thus he made clear that she was more than just property to be handled as adults saw fit.
Certainly, the biological link between parent and child is fundamental. But biological parents aren’t always preferable to adoptive ones, and biological parentage does not convey an absolute ownership that cancels all the rights of children.
36. What was the primary consideration in the Florida judge’s ruling? A) The biological link. B) The child’s benefits. C) The traditional practice. D) The parents’ feelings.
37. We can learn from the Kimberly case that ______.
A) children are more than just personal possessions of their parents B) the biological link between parents and child should be emphasized C) foster homes bring children more pain and suffering than care
D) biological parents shouldn’t claim custody rights after their child is adopted 38. The Twiggs claimed custody rights to Kimberly because ______. A) they found her unhappy in Mr. Mays’ custody B) they regarded her as their property C) they were her biological parents
D) they felt guilty about their past mistake
39. Kimberly had been given to Mr. Mays ________. A) by sheer accident B) out of charity C) at his request D) for better care
40. The author’s attitude towards the judge’s ruling could be described as ______. A) doubtful B) critical C) cautious D) supportive
Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 3.0. incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
41. She ______ her trip to New York because she was ill. A) called off B) closed down C) put up D) went off
42. ______ the storm, the ship would have reached its destination on time. A) But for B) In case of C) In spite of D) Because of
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43. We should concentrate on sharply reducing interest rates to pull the economy out of ______. A) rejection B) restriction C) retreat D) recession
44. The ______ of finding gold in California attracted a lot of people to settle down there. A) prospects B) speculations C) stakes D) provisions
45 I suffered from mental ______ because of stress from my job. A) damage B) release C) relief D) fatigue
46. The rest of the day was entirely at his ______ for reading or recreation. A) dismissal B) survival C) disposal D) arrival
47. You will not be ______ about your food in time of great hunger. A) special B) particular C) peculiar D) specific
48. Crime is increasing worldwide, and there is every reason to believe the ______ will continue into the next decade.
A) emergency B) trend C) pace D) schedule
49. You shouldn’t have written in the ______ since the book belongs to the library. A) interval B) borderC) margin D) edge
50. The ______ of airplane engines announced a coming air raid. A) roar B) exclamation C) whistle D) scream
51. This ticket ______ you to a free boat tour on the lake. A) entitles B) appoints C) grants D) credits
52. This is the nurse who ______ to me when I was ill in hospital. A) accompanied B) attended C) entertained D) shielded
53. I was about to ______ a match when I remembered Tom’s warning. A) rub B) hit C) scrape D) strike
54. The advertisement says this material doesn’t ______ in the wash, but it has. A) contract B) shrink C) slim D) dissolve
55. He was proud of being chosen to participate in the game and he ______ us that he would try as hard as possible.
A) insured B) guaranteedC) assumed D) assured
56. Not only the professionals but also the amateurs will ______ from the new training facilities. A) derive B) acquireC) benefit D) reward
57. The work was almost complete when we received orders to ______ no further with it. A) progress B) proceedC) march D) promote
58. I waited for him half an hour, but he never ______. A) turned in B) turned down C) turned off D) turned up
59. A house with a dangerous gas ______ can be broken into immediately. A) leak B) splitC) mess D) crack
60. A dark suit is ______ to a light one for evening wear. A) favourable B) suitable C) preferable D) proper
61. It was in the United States that I made the ______ of professor Jones. A) acknowledgement B) acquaintanceC) recognition D) association
62. Could you take a ______ sheet of paper and write your name at the top? A) bare B) vacantC) hollow D) blank
63. A culture in which the citizens share similar religious beliefs and values is more likely to have laws that represent the wishes of its people than is a culture where citizens come from ______
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backgrounds.
A) extensive B) influential C) diverse D) identical
. Areas where students have particular difficulty have been treated ______ particular care. A) by B) in C) under D) with
65. He gave a ______ to handle the affairs in a friendly manner. A) pledge B) mission C) plunge D) motion
66. Don’t let the child play with scissors ______ he cuts himself. A) in case B) so that C) now that D) only if
67. ______ the danger from enemy action, people had to cope with a severe shortage of food, clothing, fuel, and almost everything.
A) As far as B) As long as C) As well as D) As soon as 68. Many people lost their jobs during the business ______. A) desperation B) decreaseC) despair D) depression
69. Whenever a big company ______ a small one, the product almost always gets worse. A) gets on with B) cuts down C) takes over D) puts up with
70. Mr. Smith was the only witness who said that the fire was ______. A) mature B) deliberate C) meaningful D) innocent
Part IV Short Answer Questions (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part there is a short passage with 8 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Write your answers in the spaces provided on the right of the page.
What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher? I think the following would be generally accepted.
First, the teacher’s personality should be lively and attractive. This does not rule out people who are plain-looking, or even ugly, because many such people have great personal charm. But it does rule out such types as the over-excitable, sad, cold, and frustrated.
Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy, a capacity to understand the minds and feelings of other people, especially, since most teachers are school teachers, the minds and feelings of children. Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant – not, indeed, of what is wrong, but of the weaknesses and immaturity of human nature which induce (诱导) people, and again especially children, to make mistakes.
Thirdly, I hold it essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest. This means that he will be aware of his intellectual strengths and limitations, and will have thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be guided. There is no contradiction in my going on to say that a teacher should be a bit of an actor. That is part of the technique of teaching, which demands that every now and then a teacher should be able to put on an act – to enliven (使生动) a lesson, correct a fault, or award praise. Children, especially young children, live in a world that is rather larger than life.
A teacher must be capable of infinite patience. This, I may say, is largely a matter of self-discipline and self-training, for we are none of us born like that.
Finally, I think a teacher should have the kind of mind which always wants to go on learning. Teaching is a job at which one will never be perfect。 there is always something more to learn
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about it. There are three principal objects of study: the subjects which the teacher is teaching。 the methods by which the subjects can best be taught to the particular pupils in the classes he is teaching。 and g by far the most important -- the children, young people, or adults to whom the subjects are to be taught. The two fundamental principles of British education today are that education is education of the whole person, and that it is best acquired through full and active co-operation between two persons, the teacher and the learner.
S1. Plain-looking teachers can also be admired by their students if they have _________. __________________________________________________________________
S2. The author says it is _________that teachers be sympathetic with their students. __________________________________________________________________
S3. A teacher should be tolerant because humans tend to have S3(1) _________and to be S3(2) _________.
(1)________________________________________________________________ (2)________________________________________________________________ S4. A teacher who is _________will be able to make his lessons more lively.
__________________________________________________________________
S5. How can a teacher acquire infinite patience?
__________________________________________________________________
S6. Since teaching is a job no one can be perfect at, it is necessary for teachers to keep improving their knowledge of the subjects they teach and their _________.
__________________________________________________________________
S7. Teachers’ most important object of study is _________.
__________________________________________________________________
S8. Education cannot be best acquired without _________ between the teacher and the learner. __________________________________________________________________
Part V Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write an eye-witness account of a traffic accident. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese.
假设你在某日某时目击一起车祸，就此写一份见证书。见证书须包括以下几点： 1. 车祸发生的时间及地点 2. 你所见到的车祸情况 3. 你对车祸原因的分析
An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Acciden
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2003年6月四级试卷详解
（10）2003年6月四级试卷译文
Passage One 译文 美国3~12岁的孩子平均每星期的在校时间为29小时，比1981年多了8小时。同时，他们做家务活多了，并且参加更多的像足球、芭蕾舞等有组织的活动。特别是参与体育活动的时间，从1981年到1997年增长了50%：现在男孩子平均每周花4小时运动，女孩的运动时间是男孩的一半。但是，总的说来，孩子们的空闲时间从1981年的40%降到25%。 “影响父母的时间危机同样也影响着孩子们，”最近对儿童作息时间表做调研的工程负责人Sandra Hofferth 如是说。她说一个最主要的原因是更多的母亲外出工作。当然，生活在双收家庭或“父亲挣钱养家型”的家庭的孩子有较多的时间与他们的父母沟通。分别是每周19或22个小时。相反，生活在单身母亲家庭的孩子每周与母亲在一起的时间只有9小时。 如果一味地学习，而没有玩耍会使孩子们的生活变得一团糟。哈佛学院的教授T·Berry Brazelton说：“玩耍是孩子们探索世界和认识自我的最有效的途径”。自由的玩耍促使孩子们地思考，并使他们与同伴协调地相处，然而，3~12岁的孩子花在玩耍的时间每周只有12个小时。 抽样的调查显示，孩子们把已经快速减少的“自由时间”的四分之一用于看电视。但是，不管你相信不相信，家用长们对这样的结果还是庆幸的。即使孩子们不花更多的时间看电视，他们也不会把时间用在读书上。尽管家长们费尽心思让孩子们对书本感兴趣，但是，他们每周花在阅读上的时间也只有一个多小时。让我们面对现实吧，谁有时间呢？ `
Passage Two 译文 美国最著名的发明家和汽车制造商亨利·福特曾经说：“美国的一切都是商业”。此话的意思是说，美国人的生活方式建立在商品社会的价值观上。 很少有人对福特的说法提出疑义。只在一张日报上瞥一眼，就不难发现有多少美国在关心商业。比如，几乎每家报纸都有商业版，对各种工程工程、资金和经管、股票价格和公司的劳动问题都是每日一报。此外，商业信息还在其他版面中出现。大多数国内新闻都反映重要的金融信息。福利、援外、联邦财政预算以及联邦储备银行的都极大地受到商业的影响。而且，商业信息还会在一些最不可能的地主出现。艺术和娱乐界经常被称为“娱乐业”或“演艺业”。 福特说法积极的一面可以从商业给美国生活带来的繁荣中看到。之所以有如此众多的人从世界各地蜂拥而至美国，其最重要的原因之一就是实现找到一份更好的工作梦想。工作的机会很多，因为美国的经济制度是由竞争驱动的。人们相信这样的制度能创造更多的财富，提供更好的工作和更好的物质生活。 但是，福特的说法中消极的一面也显而易见，即当商业这个词用来指代大财团的时候。‘大财团’这个词——指代是与工人相对的最大的商业集团或公司。在美国的历史上，工人们曾经为争取更高的工资、更好的工作环境以及组织工会的权利而艰苦地斗争。今天，许多旧的劳资纠纷已经消失，但是，雇员们仍然存在着忧虑。裁员——解雇成千上万的工人以保证成本和高效益——使很多人产生不安全感。
Passage Three
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译文
史密斯教授最近说服了35个人，其中有23位妇女，坚持记两周日记，把他们所有心不在焉的行为都记下来。当他在一份科研报告中分析这些令人尴尬的差错时，他惊奇地发现几乎所有的差错都可以归入几类。这些差错并不是毫无规律的。例如，其中的一位妇女，早晨离家上班的时候，把她的耳环扔给了她的狗，却试图把宠物饼干戴在耳朵上。“对这种行为的解释是，大脑就像是计算机”，教授说。“人们为自己设定好了程序去做一些经常性的事务。对这位妇女来说，扔给她的狗两块饼干，然后戴上耳环是每天早晨的习惯。但是，有时候程序中的步骤颠倒了。”报告中受试者的差错约有二十分之一属于“此类程序排列错误”。 受试者共记录了433件他们自己认为是无意识的而做的事情——平均每人十二件。研究发现人们在一天中的高峰时段经常会做出荒谬可笑的事情。一天有两个小时这样的时间，分别出现在早晨8点到中午，下午4点到6点之间，晚上8点到10点之间有个小高峰。“对男人来说，高峰时段出现在大脑‘程序’需要切换的时候，比如，上下班的时候”。报告还称，平均而言，妇女的差错更高一些——男女之比为12.5:10.9——这也许是因为女性是更可靠记录者。 此项研究一个惊人的发现是心不在焉的行为原来是我们在做熟练之事时所犯的。一般来说，人们希望熟练能减少我们所犯的错误。但是，通过集中注意力避免愚蠢的失误会使事情更糟——甚至更危险。
Passage Four 译文 很多孩子在养父母家比在亲生父母家过得更健康、更快乐，这已经不是秘密了。对于那些由于法律盲目偏袒生物学意义上的父母而留在那些受虐待的家庭的孩子来说尤其如此。同时，对那些由于父母没有能力或不愿意照顾他们，但又不肯放弃监护权而痛苦地生活在收养家庭的孩子来说也是如此。 十四岁的Kimberly Mays 不属于上述情况，但是，她最近的一场官司的打赢最终于可以帮助那些有相同的情况的孩子。Kimberly 一直是一场愤怒的监护权争夺战中的争夺对象，一方是他的养父，另一方是她从来没有与之生活在一起的亲生父母。佛罗里达州的法官做出裁定，该少年应继续与她惟一熟悉的养父生活在一起，她的亲生父母“在法律上没有权利主张”得到她。 这个裁定尽管有可能是本末倒置，但它驳回了血缘是决定父母身份的这一准则。这是一个重要进步，是一个人们期待已久的进步。 1978年12月，Kimberly Mays 刚出生就与另一个孩子被弄混而抱错到了不是亲生的父母家中。Kimberly 的亲生父母Ernest and Regina Twigg收养的孩子于1988年死于心脏病。医学检查显示孩子不是Twigg家的女儿，而Kimberly 却是，于是，引发了Twigg家与Robert Mays 争夺监护权的官司。19年，两家同意Mays 先生保留监护权，Twigg夫妇有权探望。后来Mays 先生认为Kimberly 受到了伤害，探视权被终止。 把Kimberly 判给Mays 先生使此案引起了争议。但是，法官表示Kimberly 有权以自己的名义起诉。于是，他表明了她并不是一件可以以成年人认为合适的方式被处理的商品。 当然，父母与孩子的血缘关系是基本的。但是，亲生父母并非一定比养父母好，同时，血缘上的父母身份不能拥有取消孩子一切权利的绝对所有权。
Part IV Short Questions 译文
什么是教师优良的个人品格？我认为一般有下列几点：
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一、教师的个人品格应该活泼而可爱。这并不排斥长相一般，甚至难看的人，因为很多这样的人具有巨大的个人魅力。但比如过激的、悲观的、冷漠的和灰心的人则不宜当教师。
二、一个教师不仅需要而且必须具备真正的同情心，即具备理解他人思想和感情的能力，尤其是儿童的思想和感情，因为大部分教师是中小学老师。与此密切相关的是要具有宽容心，当然不是宽容错误，而是宽容那些诱使人们尤其是儿童犯错误的人性的幼稚和弱点。
三、我认为一个教师必须对知识和道德都要采取诚实的态度。也就是说，他要对自己的智力上的长处和不足有一个清醒的认识，而且还要根据他在生活中遵循道德原则进行思考和决策。这和我即将在下面谈到教师要会一点表演艺术并不矛盾。那是教案技能的一部分，它要求一个教师随时随地都能进行表演——生动形象地讲课、纠错或表扬。儿童，尤其是幼儿应该生活在比生活更宽广的世界。
一个教师应该具有极大的忍耐性。我认为这主要是个自我约束和自我培养的问题，因为我们谁也不是生来就会的。
最后，我想一个教师应该具有一种孜孜不倦的学习精神。教书是一个学无止境的职业，总有更多的东西等待着我们去学习。有三门主课要学：正在施教的课目；对所教班级中的特别生最佳的施教方法；施教对象显然是最重要的，无论儿童、青年还是成年人。今日英国的教育有两个基本原则：教育是对人的全面教育；通过教案双方充分、主动的合作实现最好地习得。
1.D 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.A 6. C 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.C
11.B 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.A 16. B 17.D 18.B 19.B 20.B 21.D 22.B 23.D 24.A 25.C 26.D 27.C 28.B 29.C 30.D 31.B 32.D 33.D 34.A 35.A 36.B 37.D 38.C 39.C 40.A 41.D 42.A 43.A 44.B 45.D 46.A 47.B 48.C 49.A 50.C 51.B 52.D 53.B 54.C 55.C 56.B 57.D 58.C 59.A 60.B 61.A 62.C 63.C .A 65.D 66.B 67.D 68.A 69.D 70.C
S1. great personal charm S2. essential personal charm
S3. (1) weaknesses (2) immature S4. a bit of an actor
S5. by / through self-discipline and self-training S6. teaching methods
S7. those to whom subjects are taught S8. full and active cooperation
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