(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Part Ⅰ Reading Comprehension(总题数：4，分数：30.00)
The antigen-antibody immunological reaction used to be regarded as typical of immunological responses. Antibodies are proteins synthesized by specialized cells called plasma cells, which are funned by lymphocytes (cells from the lymph system when an antigen, a substance foreign to the organism's body, comes in contact with lymphocytes. Two important manifestations of antigen- antibody immunity are lysis, the rapid physical rupture of antigenic cells and the liberation of their contents into the surrounding medium, and phagocytosis, a process in which antigenic particles are engulfed by and very often digested by macrophages and polymorphs. The process of lysis is executed by a complex and unstable blood constituent known as complement, which will not work unless it is activated by a specific antibody; the process of pbagocytosis is greatly facilitated when the particles to be engulfed are coated by a specific antibody directed against them.
The reluctance to abandon this hypothesis, however well it explains specific processes, impeded new research, and for many years antigens and antibodies dominated the thoughts of immunologists so completely that those immunologists overlooked certain difficulties. Perhaps the primary difficulty with the antigen-antibody explanation is the informational problem of how an antigen is recognized and how a structure exactly complementary to it is then synthesized. When molecular biologists discovered, moreover, that such information cannot flow from protein to protein, hut only from nucleic acid to protein, the theory that an antigen itself provided the mold that directed the synthesis of an antibody had to be seriously qualified. The attempts at qualification and the information provided by research in molecular biology led scientists to realize that a second immunological reaction is mediated through the lymphocytes that are hostile to and bring about the destruction of the antigen. This type of immunological response is called cell- mediated immunity.
Recent research in cell-mediated immunity has been concerned not only with the development of new and better vaccines, but also with the problem of transplanting tissues and organs from one organism to another, for although circulating antibodies play a part in the rejection of transplanted tissues, the primary role is played by cell-mediated reactions. During cell-mediated responses, receptor sites on specific lymphoeytes and surface antigens on the foreign tissue cells form a complex that binds the lymphocytes to the tissue. Such lymphocytes do not give rise to antibody- producing plasma cells but themselves bring about the death of the foreign-tissue cells, probably by secreting a variety of substances, some of which are toxic to the tissue cells and some of which stimulate increased phagocyte activity by white blood cells of the macrophage type. Cell-mediated immunity also accounts for the destruction of intracellular parasites.
（分数：7.50）
(1).The passage suggests that scientists might not have developed the theory of cell-mediated immunological reactions if______.（分数：1.50） A.proteins existed in specific group types
B.proteins could have been shown to direct the synthesis of other proteins √ C.antigens were always destroyed by proteins D.antibodies were composed only of protein 解析：
(2).The author argues that the antigen-antibody explanation of immunity \"had to be seriously qualified\" because______.（分数：1.50）
A.antibodies were found to activate unstable components in the blood B.antigens are not exactly complementary to antibodies √ C.lymphocytes have the ability to bind to the surface of antigens
D.antibodies are synthesized from protein whereas antigens are made from nucleic acid 解析：
(3).The author most probably believes that the antigen-antibody theory of immunological reaction______.（分数：1.50） A.is wrong
B.was accepted without evidence C.is unverifiable
D.is a partial explanation √ 解析：
(4).The author mentions all of the following as being involved in antigen-antibody immunological reactions EXCEPT the______.（分数：1.50） A.synthesis of a protein
B.activation of complement in the bloodstream C.destruction of antibodies √
D.entrapment of antigens by macrophages 解析：
(5).The author supports the theory of cell-mediated reactions primarily by ______.（分数：1.50） A.pointing out a contradiction in the assumption leading to the antigen-antibody theory √ B.explaining how cell mediation accounts for phenomena that the antigen-antibody theory cannot account for
C.revealing new data that scientists arguing for the antigen-antibody theory have continued to ignore
D.showing that the antigen-antibody theory fails to account for the breakup of antigens 解析：
Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And ff scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close. As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.
But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves—goals that pose a real challenge. \"While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,\" says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at NASA, \"we can't yet give a robot enough 'common sense' to reliably interact with a dynamic world.\"
Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.
What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain's roughly one hundred
billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on the earth can't approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don't know quite how we do it.
（分数：7.50）
(1).Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in ______.（分数：1.50） A.the use of machines to produce science fiction B.the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry
C.the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work √ D.the elite's cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work 解析：
(2).The word \"gizmos\" (Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means ______.（分数：1.50） A.programs B.experts C.devices √ D.creatures 解析：
(3).According to the passage, what is beyond man's ability now is to design a robot that can______.（分数：1.50）
A.fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery B.interact with human beings verbally C.have a little common sense
D.respond independently to a changing world √ 解析：
(4).Besides reducing human labor, robots can also ______.（分数：1.50） A.make a few decisions for themselves
B.deal with some errors with human intervention √ C.improve factory environments D.cultivate human creativity 解析：
(5).The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are ______.（分数：1.50） A.expected to copy human brain in internal structure B.able to perceive abnormalities immediately
C.far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information √ D.best used in a controlled environment 解析：
About twice every century, one of the massive stars in our galaxy blows itself apart in a supernova explosion that sends massive quantities of radiation and matter into space and generates shock waves that sweep through the arms (a narrow extension of a larger area, mass, or group) of the galaxy. The shock waves heat the interstellar gas, evaporate small clouds, and compress larger ones to the point at which they collapse under their own gravity to form new stars. The general picture that has been developed for the supernova explosion and its aftermath goes something like this. Throughout its evolution, a star is much like a leaky balloon. It keeps its equilibrium figure through a balance of internal pressure against the tendency to collapse under its own weight. The pressure is generated by nuclear reactions in the core of the star which must continually
supply energy to balance the energy that leaks out in the form of radiation. Eventually the nuclear fuel is exhausted, and the pressure drops in the core. With nothing to hold it up, the matter in the center of the star collapses inward, creating higher and higher densities and temperatures, until the nuclei and electrons are fused into a super-dense lump of matter known as a neutron star.
As the overlying layers rain down on the surface of the neutron star, the temperature rises, until with a blinding flash of radiation, the collapse is reversed. A thermonuclear shock wave runs through the now expanding stellar envelope, fusing lighter elements into heavier ones and producing a brilliant visual outburst that can be as intense as the light of 10 billion suns. The shell of matter thrown off by the explosion plows through the surrounding gas, producing an expanding bubble of hot gas, with gas temperatures in the millions of degrees. This gas will emit most of its energy at X-ray wavelengths, so it is not surprising that X-ray observatories have provided some of the most useful insights into the nature of the supernova phenomenon. More than twenty supernova remnants have now been detected in X-ray studies.
Recent discoveries of meteorites with anomalous concentrations of certain isotopes indicate that a supernova might have precipitated the' birth of our solar system more than four and a half billion years ago, Although the cloud that collapsed to form the sun and the planets was composed primarily of hydrogen and helium, it also contained carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, elements essential for life as we know it. Elements heavier than helium are manufactured deep in the interior of stars and would, for the most part, remain there if it were not for the cataclysmic supernova explosions that blow giant stars apart. Additionally, supernovas produce clouds of high- energy particles called cosmic rays. These high-energy particles continually bombard the earth and are responsible for many of the genetic mutations that are the driving force of the evolution of species.
（分数：7.50）
(1).Which of the following titles best describes the content of the passage?（分数：1.50） A.The Origins and Effects of Supernovas. √ B.The Life and Death of Stars.
C.The Origins and Evolution of Life on the Earth. D.The Aftermath of a Supernov 解析：
(2).According to the passage, we can expect a supernova to occur in our galaxy ______.（分数：1.50）
A.about twice each year
B.hundreds of times each century C.about once every fifty years √ D.about once every other century 解析：
(3).According to the passage a neutron star is ______.（分数：1.50） A.a gaseous cloud containing heavy elements
B.an intermediate stage between an ordinary star and a supernova √ C.the residue that is left by a supernova
D.the core of an ordinary star that houses the thermonuclear reactions 解析：
(4).Which of the following methods does the author employ to develop the first paragraph?（分数：1.50） A.Analogy. √ B.Deduction. C.Generalization.
D.Exampl 解析：
(5).The author implies that ______.（分数：1.50）
A.it is sometimes easier to detect supernovas by observation of the X-ray spectrum than by observation of visible wavelengths of light √
B.life on the earth is endangered by its constant exposure to radiation forces that are released by a supernova
C.recently discovered meteorites indicate that the earth and other planets of our solar system survived the explosion of a supernova several billion years ago
D.lighter elements are formed from heavier elements during a supernova as the heavier elements are torn apart 解析：
The uniqueness of the Japanese character is the result of two seemingly contradictory forces: the strength of traditions and selective receptivity to foreign achievements and inventions. As early as the 1860s, there were counter movements to the traditional orientation. Yukichi Fukuzawa, the most eloquent spokesman of Japan's \"Enlightenment\claimed: \"The Confucian civilization of the East seems to me to lack two things possessed by Western civilization: science in the material sphere and a sense of independence in the spiritual sphere.\" Fukuzawa's great influence is found in the free and individualistic philosophy of the Education Code of 1872, but he was not able to prevent the government from turning back to the canons of Confucian thought in the Imperial Rescript of 10. Another interlude of relative liberalism followed World War I, when the democratic idealism of President Woodrow Wilson had an important impact on Japanese intellectuals and, especially students; but more important was the Leninist ideology of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution. Again in the early 1930s, nationalism and militarism became dominant, largely as a result of failing economic conditions.
Following the end of World War II, substantial changes were undertaken in Japan to liberate the individual from authoritarian restraints. The new democratic value system was accepted by many teachers, students, intellectuals, and old liberals, but it was not immediately embraced by the society as a whole. Japanese traditions were dominated by group values, and notions of personal freedom and individual rights were unfamiliar.
Today, democratic processes are clearly evident in the widespread participation of the Japanese people in social and political life; yet, there is no universally accepted and stable value system. Values are constantly modified by strong infusions of Western ideas, both democratic and Marxist. School textbooks expound democratic principles, emphasizing equality over hierarchy and rationalism over tradition; but in practice these values arc often misinterpreted and distorted, particularly by the youth who translate the individualistic and humanistic goals of democracy into egoistic and materialistic ones.
Most Japanese people have consciously rejected Confucianism, but vestiges of the old order remain. An important feature of relationships in many institutions such as political parties, large corporations, and university faculties is the oyabun-kobun or parent-child relation. A party leader, supervisor, or professor, in return for loyalty, protects those subordinate to him and takes general responsibility for their interests throughout their entire lives, an obligation that sometimes even extends to arranging marriages. The corresponding loyalty of the individual to his patron reinforces his allegiance to the group to which they both belong. A willingness to cooperate with other members of the group and to support without qualification the interests of the group in all its external relations is still a widely respected virtue. The oyabun-kohun creates ladders of mobility which an individual can ascend, rising as far as abilities permit, so long as he maintains successful personal ties with a superior in the vertical channel, the latter requirement usually taking precedence over a need for exceptional competence. As a
consequence, there is little horizontal relationship between people even within the same profession.
（分数：7.50）
(1).The author is mainly concerned with ______.（分数：1.50） A.explaining the influence of Confucianism on modem Japan B.analyzing the reasons for Japan's postwar economic success C.discussing some important determinants of Japanese values √ D.describing managerial practices in Japanese industry 解析：
(2).Which of the following is most like the relationship of the oyabun-kobun described in the passage?（分数：1.50）
A.A political candidate and the voting public. B.A gifted scientist and his protege. √ C.Two brothers who are partners in a business.
D.A judge presiding at the trial of a criminal defendant. 解析：
(3).It can be inferred that the Imperial Rescript of 10 ______.（分数：1.50） A.was a protest by liberals against the lack of individual liberty in Japan B.marked a return in government policies to conservative values √ C.implemented the ideals set forth in the Education Code of 1872 D.was influenced by the Leninist ideology of the Bolshevik Revolution 解析：
(4).The author implies that ______.（分数：1.50）
A.decisions about promotions are often based on personal feelings √
B.students and intellectuals do not understand the basic tenets of Western democracy C.Western values have completely overwhelmed traditional Japanese attitudes D.respect for authority was introduced into Japan following World War II 解析：
(5).Which of the following methods does the author employ to develop the passage?（分数：1.50） A.Introducing an analogy. B.Defining a term. √ C.Presenting statistics. D.Citing an authority. 解析：
二、Part Ⅱ Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：15.00)
1.This popular sports car is now being ______ at the rate of a thousands per week.
（分数：0.50） A.turned down B.turned out √ C.turned up D.turned on 解析：
2.Max, a student of Chinese literature from Australia, is very ______ Beijing oper
（分数：0.50）
A.A. fond inB. fond forC. keen forD. keen on 解析：
3.There's little chance that mankind would______ a nuclear war.
（分数：0.50） A.retain B.endure C.maintain D.survive √ 解析：
4.Their request was ______ and consequently rejected.
（分数：0.50） A.ridiculous √ B.excessive C.feasible D.harsh 解析：
5.The bridge looked so unsafe that we all______.
（分数：0.50） A.hung up B.hung around C.hung back √ D.hung onto 解析：
6.This development is______ with the company's aims of reducing its costs.
（分数：0.50） A.convenient B.controversial C.conventional D.consistent √ 解析：
7.The family looked on ______ as their house bummed down.
（分数：0.50） A.complainingly B.carefully C.strangely D.helplessly √ 解析：
8.The governor's ______ remarks caused his political party much embarrassment.
（分数：0.50） A.forceful B.impromptu √ C.rehearsed D.unrestrained 解析：
9.The pilgrims came to America after being ______ for their religious beliefs.
（分数：0.50） A.punished B.excused C.imprisoned D.persecuted √ 解析：
10.You really ought to ______; all these late nights are doing you no good.
（分数：0.50） A.bring down B.slow down C.pull through √ D.pass through 解析：
11.I admire the way she's still so cheerful after all she has ______.
（分数：0.50） A.gone by B.gone off C.gone through √ D.gone for 解析：
12.Some teenagers harbor a generalized resentment against society, which ______ them the rights and privileges of adults, although physically they are mature.
（分数：0.50） A.rejects B.denies √ C.deprives D.restricts 解析：
13.Soon after he left the hospital, his lung cancer ______again.
（分数：0.50） A.flared up √
B.caught up C.sprang up D.came back 解析：
14.He was given imprisonment without the ______ a fine.
（分数：0.50） A.punishment B.request
C.freedom to choose √ D.demand 解析：
15.Patty Sheehan, the 1983 Ladies Professional Golf Association Player of the Year, is known for her______ and self-reliance.
（分数：0.50） A.persistence √ B.prudence C.constancy D.perfectionism 解析：
16.It's going to be two months before I ______ my full strength.
（分数：0.50） A.repeal B.restore C.recover √ D.return 解析：
17.His parents began to ______ a small sum of money every month for his college education when he was still a little child.
（分数：0.50） A.put up B.lay down C.set aside √ D.place apart 解析：
18.Researchers have discovered in recent years that there is a system to the actions almost as consistent and______ as language.
（分数：0.50） A.comprehensive B.comprehensible
C.observant D.conceivable √ 解析：
19.Located in Washington D. C. the library of Congress contains an______ array of books on every conceivable subject.
（分数：0.50） A.extensive B.impressive √ C.obvious D.insignificant 解析：
20.A dog's most ______sense is that of smell.
（分数：0.50） A.remarkable B.enviable C.noticeable D.significant √ 解析：
21.His long service with the company was ______ with a present.
（分数：0.50） A.admitted B.acknowledged C.attributed √ D.accepted 解析：
22.A laser beam is used to ______even the hardest substance.
（分数：0.50） A.light up B.repair C.identify D.penetrate √ 解析：
23.The rule only applies to nationals of the country, as ______ from foreign visitors.
（分数：0.50） A.distinct √ B.distinctive C.distinguishable D.distinguished 解析：
24.They ______ due praise to him for exceeding his fellow workers in production.
（分数：0.50） A.matched B.sublimed C.awarded √ D.revealed 解析：
25.We are extremely ______ to anything that reflects of us personally, good or had.
（分数：0.50） A.senseless B.sensational C.sensitive √ D.sensible 解析：
26.Florida's______ warm climate and plentiful rainfall make the state a center of citrus productions,
（分数：0.50） A.perennially √ B.world-famous C.predictably D.impressively 解析：
27.It usually takes some time to ______ the shock of somebody' s death.
（分数：0.50） A.overcome √ B.do without C.ignore D.deal with 解析：
28.The ______ was typical of the Lake District, with high mountains, lakes, and deep valleys.
（分数：0.50） A.scene B.scenery C.view
D.landscape √ 解析：
29.It is unwise for the government to ______ the growing dissatisfaction with its economic policies.
（分数：0.50） A.overlook B.ignore √ C.neglect D.omit 解析：
30.The university generously offered the ______ of its grounds and buildings.
（分数：0.50） A.hospitality √ B.excellence C.discomfort D.resemblance' 解析：
三、Part Ⅲ Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)
Most people who travel long distances complain of jetlag. Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone (51) making mistakes. It is actually caused by (52) of your \"body clock\"—a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological (53) .The body clock is designed for a (54) rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when i (55) daylight and darkness at the \"wrong'' times in a new time zone. The (56) of jetlag often persist for days (57) the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone. Now a new anti-jetlag system is (58) that is based on proven (59) pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore-Ede has (60) a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone (61) controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates (62) of the discomfort of jetlag.
A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact time to either (63) or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule () light exposure depends a great deal on (65) travel plans. Data on a specific flight itinerary and the individual's sleep (66) are used to produce a Trip Guide with (67) on exactly when to be exposed to bright light.
When the Trip Guide calls (68) bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark out-side, or the weather is bad, (69) you are on an aeroplane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light (70) for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.
（分数：10.00）
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：to） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：disruption） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：functions） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：regular） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：encounters） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：symptoms）
解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：while） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：available） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：tentative） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：devised） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：through） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：most） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：retrieve） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：for） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：specific） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：pattern） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：instructions） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：for） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：or） 解析：
填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：acceleration） 解析：
四、Part Ⅳ English-Chinese Translation(总题数：1，分数：15.00)
In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into super systems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.
71. Supporters of the new super systems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.
The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such \"captive\" shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government's Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time-consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.
72. Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone's cost. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation
would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line. It's theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. \"Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?\" asks Martin Bercovici, a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shipper.
73. Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be his problem with a round of huge rate increases. The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on. Consider the $ 10. 2 billion bid by Norfolk 'Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year. Conrail's net railway operating income in 1996 was just $ 427 million, less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction. Who's going to pay for the rest of the bill? Many captive shippers fear that they will, as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on the market.
（分数：15.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(支持组建超大型铁路集团的人们认为，兼并将带来成本的大幅降低、服务项目的更好协调。他们认为，在公路运输的激烈竞争面前，垄断的威胁已经不复存在。但许多客户却抱怨说，对于依赖长途运输的大宗商品来说，如煤炭、化学制品和粮食，由于公路运输花费太大，这样铁路公司就会“掐他们的脖子”。) 解析：
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(铁路公司对“被控”客户进行区别对待的依据是，从长远来看，这样做会降低所有人的成本。他们认为，如果铁路公司向所有客户收取同样的普通价格的话，那么，可以使用公路运输或其他交通工具的客户将会转移，使剩下的客户来承担铁路正常运作的开销。) 解析：
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(许多“被控”客户还担心他们很快将遭遇一轮新的大幅涨价。从整体来说，虽然铁路行业有耀眼的资产，但它的收入仍然不足以支付为满足不断增长的运输需要而进行的固定资产投资。) 解析：
五、Part Ⅴ Chinese-English Translation(总题数：1，分数：15.00)
31.赖斯是当选总统乔治·w．布什挑中的委员会负责人人选。她超出人们预料这恐怕既不是第一次，也不会是最后一次。一位曾担任艾尔·戈尔阵营顾问但现在接近赖斯的民主党人迈克尔·麦克福尔说：“这种情况我已屡见不鲜了。外交一向由秃顶的、老成的自人所把持，他们是容不下像康迪·赖斯这样的人的。”确实，现年46岁的赖斯，外表与美国最完美的顾问亨利·基辛格没有多少相似之处，但是朋友和同事们说，赖斯是他们所认识的头脑最精明、口齿最清楚和风度最迷人的人物之一。她是一个铁石心肠的管理者，但也是一个音乐会上的钢琴演奏者和狂热的体育运动爱好者，她还半开玩笑地说，她应该担任的惟一职务是全国橄榄球联盟。
（分数：15.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(It would be neither the first nor the last time that Rice, President-elect George W. Bush's choice to head the National Security Council, would exceed expectations.\" I've seen it happen time and time again,\" said Michael MeFaul, a Democrat who advised A1 Gore's campaign but is close to Rice. \"Foreign policy is dominated by bald, graying white men and they're not used to someone like Condi Rice.\" Indeed, Rice, 46, hears little outward resemblance to Henry Kissinger, the quintessential national security adviser, but friends and colleagues say she is among of the smartest, most articulate and charming people they know. A steely manager, she also is a concert
pianist and maniacal sports fan, half-joking that the only job she would rather have is commissioner of the National Football League.) 解析：
六、Part Ⅵ Writing(总题数：1，分数：15.00)
32.Outlines: 1) 网上犯罪的形式。 2) 网上犯罪的根源。
3) 如何打击网上犯罪的现象。
（分数：15.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Cyber Crimes
Nowadays cyber crimes seem to be everywhere, with a few clicks, committing all kinds of cyber crimes. To illustrate, some commit fraud or lift intellectual property. Others subvert deals, snatch passwords or disrupt e-commerce. Still others unleash viruses to crash computers. As a result, these hackers do a great damage to companies and computer users, causing computer losses up to 10 billion dollars per year.
Naturally, there are many causes for the cyber crimes. In addition to the wicked nature of the hackers, the frailties of Internet partially nourish the crimes. Just because there are holes in Internet—the complex software is buggy and often infested, the cyber vandals can find out the weakness in the Website software programs and by manipulating software glitches, gain access to Website, committing all kinds of crimes.
However, we shouldn't tolerate these cyber criminals any more. And it's high time for us to take all the effective steps to battle the cyber crooks. First we should reinforce the cyber laws to protect the Web, the powerful engine of economy. Besides, we should use high techniques to improve intrusion detection, encryption and computer security. Finally, we should train more talented people to build up more firewalls so as to make the Net immune to all kinds of viruses and unassailable to all kinds of cyber criminals.) 解析：
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