2022年江西省九江市高考英语一模试卷(附答案详解)

2022年江西省九江市高考英语一模试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

Australia is a heaven for those people looking for something different in their travels.Not only that,Australia but also offers much in natural wonders,local cuisine and culture. Jenolan Caves

The Jenolan Caves are a must-see for adventurous tourists.It was discovered by a criminal in 1838 and has since then served as one of the most famous tourist attractions in Australia.These caves numbering more than 300 are all interconnected and filled with unusual and wonderful rock formations.Here tour guides will be at your side as you walk around the lighted caves. Whitsundays

Whitsundays is one of the places in Australia with great night life.Here you can have great evenings eating at the restaurants and having fun in the local bars.Also,Whitsundays is known as a great jump point to the Great Barrier Reef and the beautiful island resorts. Gold Coast

The Gold coast is a great getaway for surf and beach lovers.Here you can not only spend days perhaps in the theme parks and national parks with its great waterfalls and natural beauty,but also nights at the local restaurants and in the local bars. Magnetic Island

Magnetic Island is one of the national parks of Australia because it is home to colonies of kangaroos and koalas.It is also located near the town of Townsville famous for its great beaches.This island was actually named by Captain Cook because it was said that his compass has gone funny when he passed by it.

1. What can we know about Jenolan Caves？ ______

A. They were developed as attractions by a criminal. B. They are made up of over 300 separate caves. C. They are worth a visit for those loving taking risks. D. They are full of rocks and dark all year around.

2. What can you enjoy in both Whitsundays and Gold coast？ ______

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A. Surfing at the beach. C. Beautiful waterfalls.

B. Local food. D. Visiting islands.

3. Where can you learn something about animals and history？ ______

A. In Jenolan Caves. C. In Gold coast.

B. In Whitsundays. D. In Magnetic Island.

B

Liu Tzu-wei,a young man from China's Taiwan,works in his milk tea shop in Wuhan,realizing his entrepreneurial（创业的） dream there.

Liu Tzu-wei,29，who majored in business administration,tried being an online shopping agent while studying in London.He started his business journey in Hangzhou in 2017，and opened his first milk tea shop in Wuhan.

He experienced some setbacks in his milk tea business due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic,but he didn't give up,and started making video diaries online to record his journey. Liu currently has about 26，000 fans on Douyin,the Chinese version of the video-sharing app TikTok,and many have turned into customers.Liu was moved by the hospitality（好客） and frankness of the people in Wuhan,and said they are always helpful and supportive. Officials from the local government of Wuhan,often visit him to promote the carrying out of preferential（优先的） policies.Liu opened his second branch at the end of last year.He plans to expand more when the opportunity arises.He said his decision to pursue his entrepreneurial dream in Wuhan was right.

Wuhan is a city with huge consumption potential,nice people and supportive government,so Liu would choose Wuhan again if he had to do it over.

4. Where did Liu Tzu-wei first launch his business ______

A. In Wuhan. B. In Taiwan. C. In London. D. In Hangzhou.

5. How would Liu feel about the future of his milk tea shop？ ______

A. It's unexpected. C. It's challenging.

B. It's hopeful. D. It's regretful.

6. What can we learn from the passage？ ______

A. All the fans have turned into customers. B. Liu's business was an instant hit in Wuhan. C. Liu worked as an e-shopping agent after graduation. D. Liu's business has received assistance from the government.

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7. What message does the story convey ______

A. East or west,home is best.

B. Victory belongs to the most persevering. C. Well begun is half done. D. He that travels far knows much.

C

UN Chinese Language Day is celebrated annually on April 20.The event was set up by the UN Department of Public Information in order to get equal use of all six of its official working language throughout the organization.

The first Chinese Language Day was celebrated in 2010 on the12th of November.But since 2011，the date has been the 20th of April.It's because Chinese Guyu,which is the 6th of 24 solar terms in the traditional Chinese calendar,usually just begins around the date,April 20.Guyu is important to Chinese people.Each year they will celebrate Guyu in memory of the person：Cangjie,who was believed to create Chinese characters.There's a story that when Cangjie created Chinese characters,it rained millet（粟）；Guyu in some way means \"rain of millet\". The Chinese Language Day for 2021 is especially to help people learn about Chinese characters based on symbols.In the building of the UN in New York,three events,which were organized by an organization connected to the UN，focused on three types of Chinese characters based on symbols.The three events were,a guided tour of the Liangzhu Museum,a language class on Dongba words,and a lecture on the history of Chinese characters.The three events were held from April 19 to 21，2021.

Chinese was allowed to be an official language of the United Nations in 1946.However,in the early years,Chinese was not commonly used in the work of the United Nations.The situation improved after the restoration（恢复） of the lawful rights of the People's Republic of China in the United Nations in 1971.And in 1973，the General Assembly（联合国大会）included Chinese as a working language.Then more and more UN offices and work members work with the Chinese language.

8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs？ ______

A. Chinese traditional 24 solar terms are well accepted all over the world. B. The UN Chinese Language Day has been celebrated for over 13 year. C. The UN Chinese Language Day was set up to preserve the Chinese language. D. There are five other official working languages other than Chinese in the UN.

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9. Why was the UN Chinese Language Day moved to April 20 ______

A. To show respect for one solar term. B. To promote Chinese characters. C. To protect various Chinese dialects.

D. To support the equal use of Chinese language.

10. What can we know about the three events？ ______

A. They focused on helping people learn Chinese characters. B. They were held in the building of the UN for four days. C. They paid attention to three types of Chinese characters. D. They were all organized by the UN in New York.

11. What's the last paragraph mainly about？ ______

A. The Chinese language's origin and evolution. B. The Chinese language's change in its long history. C. The Chinese language's growing popularity at the UN. D. The Chinese language's significance to Chinese people.

D

A different kind of food service app is allowing loyal customers to buy restaurant food at a low price before it goes into the waste bin.

Too Good To Go provides buyers with a bag of nearly wasted,but perfectly good food for takeaways as a way to cut back on food waste and help support the restaurant industry.Unlike other apps of a similar type that can allow customers to pick and choose which items they want to save,Too Good To Go offers only bags of whatever food the restaurants have.People will think it has a true enterprise spirit.The app is one of the several winners of Fast Company's 2021 World Changing Ideas Award,which reports that 40% of the food in America is wasted. It's impossible to know how much food really will end up in landfills（垃圾处理厂），but it's possible to know how many meals Too Good To Go has prevented from going there.Originally sold only in a few selected American cities,200，000 meals have been sold,and these meals can be thrown into the garbage in a few hours.And over 1，500 restaurants have signed up in cities like New York,Boston,and Los Angeles.At present,150，000 orders are going out the door per day in 15 countries,across a user base of around 37 million people,saving incredible food waste. It is also easier for the restaurants to deal with the leftovers since it's not likely to guess and predict what will be available at the end of any night. Decomposing food in landfills is a major 第4页，共21页

source of methane,which can cause climate-related damage before completely decomposing after a decade.

\"We think we can save more than 2 million meals from the trash in the U.S.in 2021，avoiding thousands of tons of emissions.\" said Lucie Basch,co-founder of Too Good To Go. 12. What is special about Too Good To Go？ ______

A. It provides buyers with a bag of leftover food for free. B. It allows customers to select whatever food they want. C. It limits consumers' choices to the food the restaurants have. D. It is the only app winning 2021 World Changing Ideas Award.

13. What can we do with the app installed ______

A. Find out the categories of the food wasted most. B. Figure out how much food will end up in landfills. C. Predict what food will be available in the restaurants. D. Prevent more meals being thrown into the garbage.

14. What does the underlined word \"Decomposing\" probably mean in Paragraph 4？ ______

A. Cutting down. C. Turning down.

B. Breaking down. D. Putting down.

15. What is the best title of the passage ______

A. An app reducing food waste B. An app distributing optional food C. An app causing climate-related damage D. An app promoting a true enterprise spirit

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）

Daily Habits for Better Sleep Good sleep starts long before bedtime.Many of the things you do during the day will affect the quality of your sleep. (1) . Wake up at the same time every morning.

Our bodies follow a daily circadian（昼夜的）rhythm,and waking up at different times throws it out of order.It is best to keep your wake-up time consistent (2) .The less you deviate（偏离）from your normal wake-up time,the better you'll sleep. Get sunlight every morning.

Exposure to sunlight serves an important purpose：It shuts down the release of melatonin（褪

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a hormone that promotes sleep. (3) ，it sends a signal to tell your brain to stop releasing 黑素），the melatonin.Aim to get at least 15 minutes of sunlight as the first thing every morning. Work out regularly.

The pandemic has led people to cut down on physical activity. (4) .Studies have found that daily exercise,regardless of the type or intensity,helps people fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer.According to the Sleep Foundation,people with chronic insomnia can fall asleep about 13 minutes faster and gain up to 20 extra minutes of sleep per night by starting an exercise routine. (5)

Caffeine has a half-life of six to eight hours and a quarter-life of about 12 hours.That means that if you drink coffee at 4 p.m.，you'll still have a quarter of the caffeine floating around in your brain at 4 a.m. .Avoiding caffeine in the evening is a no-brainer.But ideally you should avoid caffeine after 2 p.m.，so that your body has enough time to clear most of it from your system.

A.When you step outside B.Cut off caffeine at 2 p.m. C.When sunlight hits your eye D.Avoid caffeine in your daily life E.Don't sleep in,even on weekends F.So try these sleep-promoting habits

G.But exercise is the easiest way to improve sleep 16. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F

G. G

17. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F

G. G

18. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F

G. G

19. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F

G. G

20. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F G. G

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三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）

When I was a freshman at university,I didn't speak much.I was too afraid of saying something (21).Then I took a class from Tutor Barbara.My mind was(22) by the quality of Barbara's questions.I finally had something to say and the energy to say it - a rocket of (23).In fact,she saw a range of (24)，which I had never seen in myself.(25) at that time I still knew little about her life.

This changed eventually when I became a(26).I had my son in March 2010.Barbara was one of the first to(27)me.Unluckily,Nine months later,my child was(28) and diagnosed with a terminal illness.For the next two years,Barbara(29) me regular,sometimes weekly,letters that are （绝症）loving and kind.

When I began writing about my son in the blog,Barbara(30) to each post.\"I'm sending you lots of love and(31) thoughts.Hope you feel it.\" she wrote.I did,and I do.The letter written right before my son died,when he was three,was perhaps the most(32).In it Barbara said that she believed my experience of(33)a terminally ill child had made me a(34) person.\"I think he has made you better by revealing the great fire of your(35).\" she wrote.I have never in my life read a more deeply(36) sentence.Our love between us,from(37) mutual respect to a richer,deeper friendship ，had bloomed and (38) gradually.

Tutors are meant to(39) those in their charge out of the chaos,or at least assist them in keeping on asking questions to(40) deeply those difficult and subtle answers. 21. A. wrong 22. A. taken in 23. A. stories 24. A. opportunities 25. A. Besides 26. A. friend 27. A. inform 28. A. examined 29. A. wrote 30. A. applied 31. A. creative 32. A. familiar 33. A. educating

B. insincere B. opened up B. words B. hobbies B. Therefore B. mother B. remind B. requested B. read B. objected B. absurd B. available B. parenting

C. imperfect C. cut off C. contents C. drawbacks C. However C. tutor C. interview C. accompanied C. showed C. responded C. positive C. sensitive C. recognizing

D. ambiguous D. blocked out D. details D. abilities D. Meanwhile D. student D. congratulate D. suspected D. fetched D. subscribed D. promising D. unforgettable D. adopting

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34. A. better 35. A. sympathy 36. A. effective 37. A. curious 38. A. confirmed 39. A. help 40. A. go through

B. rougher B. appreciation B. comforting B. anxious B. declined B. drive B. make up

C. calmer C. contribution C. abundant C. awkward C. deepened C. sponsor C. dig out

D. stricter D. love D. interesting D. cautious D. acknowledged D. evaluate D. take on

四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

41. The Bell Tower in Xian,has a history of over 600 years and reopened to the public after

renovation （整修）.

The Bell Tower (1) （build）in 1384 during the Ming Dynasty.The

36-meter-tall,wood-and-brick structure is known as one of the (2) （large）and best-protected bell towers in China.The tower has witnessed the city's changes and development for (3) （ century）.

\"Due to long-time exposure (4) wind,sunlight,rain and dust,the tower became broken,with its roof leaking and some paint (5) （ drop）.\" Wang Lei,curator（馆长）of Xian Bell and Drum Towers Museum said.To prolong the life of the tower,the museum began to repair (6) （ it）roof and outer golden columns in June.

The reopening of the Bell Tower has attracted visitors (7) come from home and abroad. (8) （visit）by more than 1，000 tourists on the opening day,it had attracted twice the number of visitors before its repair.The museum staff told the media that they determined (9) （ extend） the opening hours by one hour every night.

This was (10) sixth renovation to the Bell Tower since 1949，with the last done in 2011. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

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(9) (10)

五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）

42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。 高考一模英语试卷第11页（共12页） 删除：把多余的词用（\\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I had a awful day at school yesterday.My friends and I were about to run while I suddenly fell and hurt my ankle.I had difficulties in walking,so my friends carried me to a nearby hospital and stayed with me until their parents arrived.The doctor tells my parents my ankle was badly broken and I needed to stay in bed for a month.Felt better,I came home with my parents then.This incident made me to realize we should be careful.With my friends' help,I couldn't have received treatment immediate.I was extremely thankful to them.

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

43. 假定你是校英语广播站的广播员李华，为配合你校正在开展的主题为\"让读书成为

一种生活方式\"的活动，请你根据所给提示用英语写一篇广播稿，倡议大家积极参与该活动。

1.活动目的；2.提出倡议；3.读书的益处。

注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、B、D

C.细节理解题。【解析】（1）根据第二段\"The Jenolan Caves are a must-see for adventurous tourists. （Jenolan洞穴是冒险旅游者的必看景点。）\"可知，对于那些喜欢冒险的人来说，Jenolan Caves值得一游。故选C。 （2）B.细节理解题。根据Whitsundays中

\"Here you can have great evenings eating at the restaurants and having fun in the local bars.（在这里，你可以在餐馆吃饭，在当地的酒吧享受美好的夜晚。）\"和Gold Coast中\"Here you can not only spend days perhaps in the theme parks and national parks with its great waterfalls and natural beauty,but also nights at the local restaurants and in the local bars.（在这里，你不仅可以在主题公园和国家公园里度过白天，欣赏壮观的瀑布和自然美景，还可以在当地的餐馆和酒吧里度过夜晚。）\"可知，你可以在Whitsundays和Gold coast享受当地的美食。故选B。 （3）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段

\"Magnetic Island is one of the national parks of Australia because it is home to colonies of kangaroos and koalas.（ Magnetic岛是澳大利亚的国家公园之一，因为它是袋鼠和考拉的栖息地。）\"和

\"This island was actually named by Captain Cook because it was said that his compass has gone funny when he passed by it.（这个岛实际上是由库克船长命名的，因为据说他的指南 \"可知，针在经过的时候失灵了。）在Magnetic岛可以了解关于动物和历史的一些知识。故选D。

这一篇应用文。文章介绍了澳大利亚四个著名的自然景点。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

4~7.【答案】A、B、D、B

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【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据文章第一段\"Liu Tzu-wei,a young man from China's Taiwan,works in his milk tea shop in Wuhan,realizing his entrepreneurial （创业的） dream there.（来自中国的年轻人刘子伟在他武汉的奶茶店工作，在那里实现了他的创业梦想）\"可知，刘子伟第一次创业是在武汉。故选A项。

B.推理判断题。（2）根据文章第三段\"He experienced some setbacks in his milk tea business due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic,but he didn't give up,and started making video diaries online to record his journey.（由于2019冠状病毒疾病爆发，他在奶茶业务中遇到了一些挫折，但他没有放弃，并开始在网上录制视频日记来记录他的旅程）\"可知，虽然遇到挫折但是他没有放弃，所以可以推测他认为奶茶店还是是充满希望的。故选B项。

（3）D.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段\"Officials from the local government of Wuhan,often visit him to promote the carrying out of preferential （优先的） policies.（武汉当地的经常拜访他，以促进优惠的实施）\"可知，刘的生意得到了的帮助。故选D项。

（4）B.推理判断题。从全文内容来看，通过刘子伟的创业经历可以看出他在创业过程中虽然遇到了很多挫折但都没有放弃，坚持下来并取得了成功。所以文章传递的信息是：成功属于最坚韧不拔的人。故选B项。

这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述刘子伟的创业故事告诉我们：胜利属于最坚韧不拔的人。 阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

8~11.【答案】D、A、C、C

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段的\"The event was set up by the UN Department of Public Information in order to get equal use of all six of its official working language throughout the organization.（该活动由联合国新闻部设立，目的是在整个组织内平等使\"可知，用所有六种官方工作语言）联合国的工作语言除了中文还有其他五种。故选D。 （2）A.推理判断题。根据第二段的\"But since 2011，the date has been the 20th of April.It's

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because Chinese Guyu,which is the 6th of 24 solar terms in the traditional Chinese calendar,usually just begins around the date,April 20.Guyu is important to Chinese

people.Each year they will celebrate Guyu in memory of the person：Cangjie,who was believed to create Chinese characters. （但自2011年以来，这个日期一直是4月的20。这是因为在中国传统历法中，24个节气中的第6个是中国的谷雨，通常在4月20日左右开始。谷雨对中国人很重要。每年他们都会庆祝谷雨，以纪念那个被认为创造了汉字的人：仓\"推知，颉）联合国中文日从原来的11月12日换到4月20日是为了表示对一个节气（谷雨）的尊重。故选A。

（3）C.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的\"The Chinese Language Day for 2021 is especially to help people learn about Chinese characters based on symbols.In the building of the UN in New York,three events,which were organized by an organization connected to the UN，focused on three types of Chinese characters based on symbols. （2021年的汉语日是专门帮助人们学习汉字的符号。在美国纽约的联合国大楼中，由联合国相关机构组织的三场活动围绕着基于符号的三种汉字展开）\"可知，这三项活动关注中国的三种文字。故选C。 （4）C.段落大意题。根据最后一段\"Chinese was allowed to be an official language of the United Nations in 1946.However,in the early years,Chinese was not commonly used in the work of the United Nations.The situation improved after the restoration （恢复） of the lawful rights of the People's Republic of China in the United Nations in 1971.And in 1973，the General Assembly（联合国大会） included Chinese as a working language.Then more and more UN offices and work members work with the Chinese language.（1946年，汉语被允许成为联合国的官方语言。然而，在早期，中文在联合国的工作中并不普遍使用。1971年恢复中华人民共和国在联合国的合法权利后，情况有所改善。1973年，联合国大会将中文列为工作语言。然后，越来越多的联合国机构和工作人员使用中文）\"可知，本段主要讲述了中文在联合国越来越受欢迎。故选C。

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了联合国中文日换到每年4月20的原因，2021年该节日的主题，以及中文在联合国官方语言中地位的变化。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。读者首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

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12~15.【答案】C、D、B、A

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。由第二段\"Unlike other apps of a similar type that can allow customers to pick and choose which items they want to save,Too Good To Go offers only bags of whatever food the restaurants have.\" （与其他类似类型的应用程序可以让顾客挑选他们想要保存的物品不同，Too Good To Go只提供一袋袋的食物。）可知，该app了顾客的食物选择。故选C项。

（2）D.细节理解题。由第二段\"Too Good To Go provides buyers with a bag of nearly wasted,but perfectly good food for takeaways as a way to cut back on food waste and help support the restaurant industry\" （Too Good To Go为买家提供了一袋几乎被浪费但非常好的外卖食物，以此减少食物浪费并帮助支持餐饮业。）和第三段的 \"It's impossible to know how much food really will end up in landfills（垃圾处理厂），but it's possible to know how many meals Too Good To Go has prevented from going there. （我们不知道有多少食物最\"可知，终去了垃圾处理厂，但我们知道有多少食物因为Too Good To Go而没有被填埋）这个app阻止了餐馆食物的浪费。故选D项。

（3）B.词义猜测题。由第四段\"a major source of methane\" （甲烷的主要来源）可知，食物在垃圾填埋场会产生沼气，即食物分解产生沼气，划线词的意思是\"分解\"。A.Cutting down削减开支；B.Breaking down崩溃，分解；C.Turning down拒绝；D.Putting down放下。故选B项。

（4）A.标题归纳题。由第一段\"A different kind of food service app is allowing loyal customers to buy restaurant food at a low price before it goes into the waste bin.\" （另一种餐饮服务应用程序允许忠诚的顾客在餐厅食物进入垃圾桶之前以低价购买）可知，本文主要介绍了一个减少食物浪费的app,在餐馆剩下的食物进入垃圾箱之前可以通过这个app卖掉，进而减少了食物浪费。故\"一个减少食物浪费的app\"可以作为本文标题。故选A项。

这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个减少食物浪费的app。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。

3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来

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分析。

16~20.【答案】F、E、C、G、B

【解析】（1）F.联系上文题。上文

\"Many of the things you do during the day will affect the quality of your sleep.（你白天做的很多事情都会影响你的睡眠质量）\"结合下文提到的四个活动可知，空处句子应起到承上启下的作用。F项\"So try these seep-promoting habits （所以试试这些促进睡眠的习惯吧）\"符合语境。故选F项。

（2）E.逻辑推理题。本段中心句为\"Wake up at the same time every morning.（每天早上在同一时间醒来）\"，根据上文\"It is best to keep your wake-up time consistent （最好保持\"可知，起床时间一致）无论哪天都要保持起床时间一致，包括周末，因此E项\"Don't sleep in,even on weekends（不要睡懒觉，即使是在周末）符合语境。故选E项。

（3）C.推理判断题。本段中心句为\"Get sunlight every morning（每天早上晒晒太阳）\"，根据上文\"Exposure Exposure to sunlight serves an important purpose：

It shuts down the release of melatonin（褪黑素），a hormone that promotes sleep. （暴露在阳光下有一个重要的意义：它关闭释放褪黑素的释放，它是一种促进睡眠的激素）\"和下文\"it sends a signal to tell your brain to stop releasing the melatonin.（它会发出一个信号，C项\"When 告诉你的大脑停止释放褪黑激素。）可知，空处内容与阳光对我们的影响有关。sunlight hits your eye （当阳光照射你的眼睛）\"复合语境，sunlight是关键词。故选C项。 （4）G.联系下文题。根据本段中心句\"Work out regularly（定期锻炼）\"可知，本段话题为锻炼\"。下文\"Studies

have found that daily exercise,regardless of the type or intensity,helps people fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer. （研究发现，无论运动的类型或强度如何，每天的运动都能帮助G项\"But exercise 人们更快地入睡，保持更长时间的睡眠。）推知，下文陈述锻炼的好处。is the easiest way to improve sleep. （但是锻炼是改善睡眠最简单的方法）\"符合语境。故选G项。

（5）B.标题归纳题。此处考查段落中心句。根据本段最后一句\"But ideally you should avoid caffeine after 2 p.m.，

so that your body has enough time to clear most of it from your system.（但理想情况下，你应该在下午2点后避免咖啡因，这样你的身体就有足够的时间将大部分咖啡因从你的系统中清除。）\"可知，本段建议下午2点后避免咖啡因，因此B项\"Cut off cafeine at 2 p.m.

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（下午2点停止摄入咖啡因）\"符合题意。故选B项。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种有助于睡眠的活动：每天早上在同一时间醒来；每天早上晒晒太阳；经常锻炼；下午2点停止摄入咖啡因。

考查选句填空。选句填空是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

21~40.【答案】A、B、B、D、C、B、D、A、A、C、C、D、B、A、D、B、D、C、A、C

A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.wrong错误的；B.insincere不真诚的；C.imperfect【解析】（1）不完美的；D.ambiguous模棱两可的。句意：我太害怕说错话了。根据上文\"When I was a freshman at university,I didn't speak much.\"可知，作者很少讲话是因为害怕说错话。故选A。

（2）B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.taken in理解；B.opened up打开；C.cut off切断；D.blocked out封闭。句意：芭芭拉的问题打开了我的思路。根据下文\"by the quality of Barbara's questions.\"可知，芭芭拉的问题打开了作者的思路。故选B。

（3）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.stories故事；B.words话；C.contents内容；D.details细节。句意：我终于有话要说，也有力气说了出来---滔滔不绝的话语。根据上文\"I finally had something to say and the energy to say it\"可知，作者开始说很多的话。故选B。 D.考查名词及语境理解。A.opportunities机会；B.hobbies爱好；C.drawbacks缺点；（4）

D.abilities能力。句意：事实上，她看到了我从未在自己身上看到的各种能力。根据下文\"which I had never seen in myself （5） at that time I still knew little about her life.\"可知，芭芭拉看到了作者身上的各种能力。故选D。

（5）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.Besides此外；B.Therefore因此；C.However然而；D.Meanwhile与此同时。句意：然而，在那个时候，我仍然对她的生活知之甚少。根据下文\"I still knew little about her life.\"可知，前后句之间为转折关系。故选C。 （6）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.friend朋友；B.mother母亲；C.tutor导师；D.student学生。句意：当我成为母亲后，这一切终于改变了。根据下文\"I had my son in March 2010.\"可知，作者生儿子成为母亲。故选B。

（7）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.inform告诉；B.remind提醒；C.interview采访；D.congratulate祝贺。句意：芭芭拉是最先向我道贺的人之一。根据上文\"I had my son in March 2010.\"可知，作者生孩子成为母亲，芭芭拉给作者祝贺。故选D。

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A.考查动词及语境理解。A.examined检查；B.requested请求；C.accompanied陪伴；（8）

D.suspected怀疑。句意：不幸的是，九个月后，我的孩子被检查出患有绝症。根据下文\"and diagnosed with a terminal illness（绝症）.\"可知，作者的孩子在医院检查，被查出患有绝症。故选A。

（9）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.wrote写；B.read读；C.showed展示；D.fetched去取。句意：在接下来的两年里，芭芭拉定期给我写信，有时是每周写一封充满爱意和善意的信。根据下文\"letters that are loving and kind.\"可知，芭芭拉定期给作者写信鼓励作者。故选A。

（10）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.applied运用；B.objected反对；C.responded回复；D.subscribed订阅。句意：当我开始在博客上写我儿子的时候，芭芭拉对每一篇文章都进行了回复。根据上文\"When I began writing about my son in the blog,\"可知，芭芭拉对作者的博客的内容进行回复。故选C。

（11）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.creative创造性的；B.absurd荒唐的；C.positive积极的；D.promising有前途的。句意：我给你寄去了很多爱和积极的想法。希望你能感觉到。根据上文\"For the next two years,Barbara （9） me regular,sometimes weekly,letters that are loving and kind.\"和\"Hope you feel it.\"可知，芭芭拉给作者很多爱和积极的想法。故选C。

（12）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.familiar熟悉的；B.available可利用的；C.sensitive灵敏的；D.unforgettable难忘的。句意：那封信写在我儿子去世之前，那时他才三岁，也许是我最难忘的一封信。根据下文\"In it Barbara said that she believed my experience of （13） a terminally ill child had made me a（14） person.\"可知，芭芭拉给作者一封让作者难忘的信。故选D。

B.考查动词及语境理解。A.educating教育；B.parenting抚养；C.recognizing认出；（13）

D.adopting采用。句意：芭芭拉在信中说，她相信养育一个身患绝症的孩子的经历让我成为了一个更好的人。根据下文\"a terminally ill child\"可知，这里指作者养育身患绝症的孩子。故选B。

（14）A.考查形容词比较级及语境理解。A.better更好的；B.rougher更艰难的；C.calmer更镇静的；D.stricter更严格的。句意：芭芭拉在信中说，她相信养育一个身患绝症的孩子的经历让我成为了一个更好的人。根据下文\"I think he has made you better by revealing the great fire of your （15） .\"可知，芭芭拉认为这样的经历让作者成为更好的人。故选A。

（15）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.sympathy同情；B.appreciation欣赏；C.contribution

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贡献；D.love爱。句意：她写道：\"我觉得他让你变得更好，因为他让你燃起了爱的火焰。\"根据上文\"I think he has made you better\"可知，养育身患绝症的儿子让作者燃起了爱的火焰。故选D。

（16）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.effective有效的；B.comforting安慰的；C.abundant丰富的；D.interesting有趣的。句意：在我的一生中，我从来没有读过比这更让人感到安慰的句子。根据上文\"‘I think he has made you better by revealing the great fire of your .‘she wrote.\"可知，（15）这里指芭芭拉给作者信中让人感到安慰的句子。故选B。 （17）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.curious好奇的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.awkward尴尬的；D.cautious谨慎的。句意：我们之间的爱，从谨小慎微的相互尊重，发展到更加丰富、更加深厚的友谊，已经开花结果，并逐渐加深。根据下文\"to a richer,deeper friendship,\"可知，作者和芭芭拉之间的爱是从谨小慎微的相互尊重的开始。很故选D。 （18）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.confirmed确认；B.declined下降；C.deepened加深；D.acknowledged承认。句意：我们之间的爱，从谨小慎微的相互尊重，发展到更加丰富、更加深厚的友谊，已经开花结果，并逐渐加深。根据上文\"Our love between us,from （17） mutual respect to a richer,deeper friendship ，had bloomed\"可知，作者和芭芭拉之间的爱逐渐加深。故选C。

（19）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.help帮助；B.drive驾驶；C.sponsor赞助；D.evaluate评估。句意：导师的目的是帮助他们负责的人走出混乱，或者至少帮助他们不断提出问题，深入挖掘那些困难和微妙的答案。根据下文\"those in their charge out of the chaos,or at least assist them in keeping on asking questions to deeply those difficult and subtle （20）answers.\"可知，导师意味着帮助解决各种问题。故选A。

C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.go through经历；B.make up组成；C.dig out挖出；（20）

D.take on呈现。句意：导师的目的是帮助他们负责的人走出混乱，或者至少帮助他们不断提出问题，深入挖掘那些困难和微妙的答案。根据上文\"or at least assist them in keeping on asking questions\"可知，导师通过提出问题来深入挖掘那些困难和微妙的答案。故选C。 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大学导师芭芭拉对作者的改变和鼓励，两人之间的友谊逐渐加深。

做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。

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41.【答案】【小题1】was built

【小题2】largest 【小题3】centuries 【小题4】to 【小题5】dropping 【小题6】its 【小题7】who/that 【小题8】Visited 【小题9】to extend 【小题10】the

【解析】（1）was built.考查动词时态语态。句意：钟楼建于明朝1384年。提示词是谓语动词，与主语The Bell Tower是被动关系，结合时间状语in 1384可知应用一般过去时态。故填was built。

（2）largest.考查最高级。句意：这座36米高的砖木结构的钟楼被认为是中国最大、保\"one of+形容词最高级+复数名词\"为固定短语，护最好的钟楼之一。意为\"最……之一\"，结合句意和并列的复合形容词best-protected可知，应使用提示词最高级largest,表示\"中国最大钟楼之一\"。故填largest。

（3）centuries.考查可数名词的复数。句意：这座塔见证了这个城市几个世纪的变化和发展。根据上文\"a history of over 600 years\"可知，钟楼已经屹立几个世纪，见证了几个世纪的变化和发展，century用复数形式。故填centuries。

（4）to.考查介词。句意：由于长时间暴露在风、阳光、雨和灰尘下，塔被破坏了，屋顶漏水，油漆脱落。exposure to为固定搭配，意为\"暴露于\"。故填to。

（5）dropping.考查现在分词。句意：由于长时间暴露在风、阳光、雨和灰尘下，塔被破坏了，屋顶漏水，油漆脱落。分析句子可知，提示词作with复合结构中宾语some paint的补足语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语some paint间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填dropping。

（6）its.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：为了延长塔的寿命，博物馆从6月开始修复它的屋顶和外部的金色柱子。根据句意可知，提示词作定语修饰名词roof,表示\"它的屋顶\"，应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。

（7）who/that.考查定语从句。句意：钟楼的重新开放吸引了来自国内外的游客。空格

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后是性定语从句，修饰先行词visitors,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应关系代词who或者that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。

（8）Visited.考查过去分词。句意：开业当天就有1000多名游客前来参观，比修复前的游客数量增加了一倍。分析句子可知，提示词visit（参观）是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语it（钟楼）之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词作状语，且置于句首，首字母大写。故填Visited。

（9）to extend.考查动词不定式。句意：博物馆工作人员告诉媒体，他们决定每天晚上延长一个小时的开放时间。determine to do sth.为固定搭配，表示\"决定做某事\"，跟不定式作宾语。故填to extend。

（10）the.考查冠词。句意：这是自1949年以来钟楼的第六次翻修，最后一次翻修是在2011年。序数词前用定冠词限定，表示\"第（几次）\"。故填the。

本文是说明文。文章介绍了西安钟楼的历史和最近对它进行的一次修复与重新开放。 语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

42.【答案】

I had a awful day at school yesterday.My friends and I were about to run while I suddenly fell and hurt my ankle.I had difficulties in walking,so my friends carried me to a nearby hospital and stayed with me until their parents arrived.The doctor tells my parents my ankle was badly broken and ∧I needed to stay in bed for a month.

Felt better,I came home with my parents then.This incident made me to realize we should be careful.

With my friends' help,I couldn't have received treatment immediate.I was extremely thankful to them. 【详解】

（1）a改为an.考查冠词。句意：昨天我在学校度过了糟糕的一天。awful\"糟糕的\"时元音音素开头的形容词，awful前用冠词an。故将a改为an。

（2）while改为when.考查固定句型。句意：我和朋友们正要跑步，突然摔倒，脚踝受伤。固定句型be about to do…when\"正要做某事，这时……\"。故将while改为when。 （3）difficulties改为difficulty.考查固定短语。句意：我走路有困难，所以我的朋友们把我送到附近的一家医院，一直陪着我，直到我的父母来。固定短语have/has/had difficulty （in） doing sth\"在做某事方面有困难\"。故将difficulties改为difficulty。

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（4）their改为my.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我走路有困难，所以我的朋友们把我送到附近的一家医院，一直陪着我，直到我的父母来。因为时作者受伤了，所以去医院的应该是作者的父母，而不是作者朋友的父母。故将their改为my。

（5）tells改为told.考查一般过去时。句意：医生告诉我父母我的脚踝严重骨折，需要卧床一个月。分析全文可知，作者受伤是发生在过去的事情，所以谓语用一般过去时。故将tells改为told。

（6）在I前加that.考查宾语从句。句意：医生告诉我父母我的脚踝严重骨折，需要卧床一个月。分析句子可知，这是and连接的两个并列的宾语从句，但是当and连接两个that引导的宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。宾语从句时候，故在I前加that。 （7）Felt改为Feeling.考查非谓语。句意：感觉好多了，那时我和父母一起回家了。feel与其逻辑主语I是主动关系，所以应该用feeling。故将Felt改为Feeling。

（8）删除to.考查动词。句意：这件事使我意识到我们应该小心。固定用法make sb do sth\"使某人做某事\"。故删除to。

With改为Without.考查介词。（9）句意：没有朋友们的帮助，我不可能立即得到治疗。根据句意可知，应该使用双重否定表肯定。故将With改为Without。

（10）immediate改为immediately.考查副词。句意：没有朋友们的帮助，我不可能立即得到治疗。received treatment\"得到治疗\"是动词短语，应用副词来修饰。故将immediate改为immediately。

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者昨天在学校度过的糟糕的一天。

短文改错考查涉及面广，但却有所侧重。考查点测试频率最高的是动词，涉及动词考查的有时态、语态、非谓语动词形式、情态动词和动词的用法等。此外，还考查名词、介词、代词、冠词、形容词、副词、连词等，还涉及到句型结构、行文逻辑、固定搭配等。

43.【答案】Boys and girls,

May I have your attention please？In order to make the students fall in love with reading,our school is organizing an activity with the theme of \"Making reading a Way of life\". （活动目的）Here I'd like to urge you to take an active part in this activity,because reading has many benefits.（提出倡议）

Firstly,reading increases our knowledge and we can learn the world affairs without going out.Secondly,reading is a good way to improve reading and writing skills.Before you learn to write,you must know how others write.Thirdly,reading can broaden our knowledge and

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horizon,which is important to job hunting in the future. 【高分句型一】Finally,reading increases our self-cultivation that would be beneficial to our whole life.Therefore,start to read,no matter how old you are and what you are doing,then,you may find the great charm and benefits of reading.【高分句型二】（读书的益处）

【解析】高分句型一：Thirdly,reading can broaden our knowledge and horizon,which is important to job hunting in the future.

译文：第三，阅读可以拓宽我们的知识面和视野，这对将来找工作很重要。 分析：这句话使用which引导非性定语从句。

高分句型二：Therefore,start to read,no matter how old you are and what you are doing,then,you may find the great charm and benefits of reading.

译文：因此，开始阅读吧，无论你多大年纪，无论你在做什么，你都会发现阅读的巨大魅力和益处。

分析：这句话使用no matter how引导让步状语从句。

这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。

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