2020高三英语一轮复习语法专题--名词精选专练2附解析

高三英语一轮复习语法专题--名词精选专练2

1.The application of VR in classroom teaching received a mixed ____among students. A. explanation B. motivation C. reception D. adaptation 2.The new discovery of oil is of great ______ to this area's economy.

A. performance B. significance C. satisfaction D. assumption

3.In the past, science class started from grade three. But the new curriculum allows junior students ______to natural sciences earlier.

A. priority B. privilege C. adaptation D. access 4.Tony gave Claire a new and changed the makeup she wore. A. housewife B. haircut C. handle D. helmet

5.Nowadays, an increasing number of museums are open to visitors free. However, free ______ might lead to some social problems as well.

A. accommodation B. attraction C. admission D. adjustment 6.Unlike most of the students, Susan divided her apple into ______. A. halves B. halfs C. half D. a half

7.After the usual greetings and some ______ about the weather, the men got down to their own business. A. statements B. declarations C. expressions D. remarks 8.We can't make ______ of what the teacher is saying.

A. sense B. a sense C. senses D. tense 9.If people keep polluting the ocean, no creature there will survive _____. A. at all cost B. for a long while C. in the long run D. by no means

10.He turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror with a serious, studied ______ that soon changed into a smile.

A. impression B. expression C. conclusion D. information

11.After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide for the homeless families. A. accommodation B. occupation C. equipment D. furniture 12. attention to surrounding traffic is a(n) to accidents. A. Drivers not paying; invitation B. Drivers' not paying; invitation C. Drivers not paying; cause D. Drivers' not paying; cause

13.The failure was a big _____ to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever. （2015.福建）

A. blow B. issue C. excuse D. factor

14.Male nurses are difficult to hire as many men reject this______ out of the long-existing discrimination. A. concept B. responsibility C. identity D. personality 15.Playing online games too much will do ________ to your health. A. good B. harm C. wrong D. honor

16.（2015·湖北）He gave himself a new name to hide his ____ when he went to carry out the secret task. A. emotion B. talent C. identity D. treasure 17.—Everybody knows smoking is harmful to health，but still so many people smoke. —Exactly！So our country is planning to start a________against smoking.

A. war B. campaign C. motion D. struggle

18.A ______ means a way of working out a problem or dealing with a difficult situation. A. project B. suggestion C. method 19.—What if the rainstorm continues?

—Come on guys! We have to meet the ________ whatever the weather.

A. standard B. demand C. deadline D. satisfaction

20.Many people in Haiti died from the earthquake because they didn't have_______ to immediate rescue. A. access B. approach C. admission D. attention 21.My teacher often says that success in making money is not always a good ______ of success in life. A. belief B. element C. criterion D. instance 22.They were lost at sea at the ___________ of wind and weather.

A. mess B. mercy C. moment D. mixture

23.The employer will bear 80% medical ______ for the employee during the employment period. A. discount B. fare C. fee D. fine

24.Judging from her _________, I guess she must come from the West of America. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. accent

25.Some experts fear that too-early ________ to computers will have harmful consequences for children's development.

A. exposure B. extension C. exhibition D. expansion

26.If you want to see a doctor, you fix a date with him ahead of time. That is common ________ in the USA. A. view B. exercise C. practice D. reality

27.It took the ambulance about ten minutes to get to the __________ of the accident and the injured were sent to the hospital very quickly.

A. scene B. scenery C. picture D. view

28.The of an area of land is a line in people's imagination that separates it from other areas. A. boundary B. hurdle C. ceiling D. neighborhood

29.We observe the tradition of having a big family dinner with a／an ____________ of delicious food on Spring Festival's Eve.

A. boom B. division C. reputation D. abundance

30.In spite of the advanced medical technology, many Americans have no ________ to the good health care for poverty.

A. access B. entrance C. introduction D. devotion

31.Poetry written from the ________ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belong. A. perspective B. priority C. participation D. privilege

32.Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of ____.

A. energy B. source C. power D. material 33.（2016•江苏）— Can you tell us your _______ for happiness and a long life? — Living every day to the full, definitely.

A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt

34.A severe typhoon struck this area, making the train services in suspension(暂停), which are now back to ___. A. usual B. normal C. common D. regular

35.For years，scientists have been worried about the________of air pollution on the earth's natural conditions. A. effect B. result C. account D. cause 36.Each of us is likely to develop a personal _______ for certain types of entertainment. A. preference B. interest C. habit D. feature 37.（2014·天津）Wind is now the world's fastest growing ________ of power. A. source B. sense C. result D. root

38.To _______the circumstances, Oliver runs away to London, where he _______under the control of a man called Fagin.

A. escape; goes B. flee; falls C. avoid; drops D. prevent; turns

39.She dressed down to visit her poor relatives, ________ offend them by a show of her wealth. A. in order that he B. so that she won't C. so as not to D. intending to

40.（2015·江苏）Some schools will have to make ______ in agreement with the national soccer reform. A. judgments B. adjustments C. comments D. achievements 41.She enjoyed the excitement of her work. Money was not her only _____________. A. breakthrough B. performance C. career D. motivation 42.—The stadium is ______ the one in our city. —Yes, it's said that it will be ______ stadium. A. as four times big as; the second China's largest B. four times the size of; China's second largest C. four times as big as; the China's second largest D. as big as four times; China's the second largest

43.Girls are encouraged to develop an independent to learning.

A. mean B. way C. method D. approach 44.Judging by her ________, Jane must be a southerner.

A. pronunciation B. accent C. voice D. sound

45.Remember that ______ is better than cure, so brush your teeth at least twice a day and visit your dentist for regular check-ups.

A. priority B. privilege C. principle D. prevention

46.As these beautiful places attract lost of tourists, their protection comes under ________. A. threat B. control C. repair D. construction

47.This doesn't mean Guillermo gave up his hard-working personality or his drive to be successful. A. desire B. ability C. need D. quality

48.The police suspected him of carrying drugs so they _______his bags, but found nothing.

A. looked up B. turned in C. searched for D. went through 49.The child is crying. Please do something to make him_____. A. stop to cry B. stop crying C. to stop crying 50.—Do you know the guy over there?

—He's a ________ in our company, treating his members kindly. A. cold fish B. rotten apple C. sly fox D. top banana

答案解析部分

1.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：学生们对虚拟现实技术在课堂教学中的应用有褒贬不一的接受。A. explanation“解释”；B. motivation“动机”；C. reception“接受”；D. adaptation“适应”。根据句意，故选C。 【点评】考查名词辨析，区分explanation；motivation；reception和adaptation的含义。 2.【答案】 B

A. performance表演；B. significance重要性；C. satisfaction满意；D. assumption设想。句意：【解析】【分析】石油的新发现对这个地区的经济有着重大意义。 结合句意可知选B。

【点评】考查名词的用法。 3.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：在过去，科学课从三年级开始。但是新课程使中学生更早接近自然科学。A. priority优先权；B. privilege；C. adaptation适应；D. access使用；存取；接近。access to意为“接近；有权使用；通向…的入口”，D项符合语境。故答案为D。

【点评】解答本题的关键是掌握短语...access to..的含义和整句的句意。 4.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】本题考查名词的词义辨析。A. housewife 家庭妇女；B. haircut发型，理发；C. handle把手；D. helmet头盔。句意：托尼给克莱尔换了个发型，并改变了她的化妆风格。根据句意可知选B。

5.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查名词。A. accommodation住处， 适应 ；B. attraction 引人注意的东西，有趣的东西；C. admission承认，准许进入；D. adjustment调解，调整。句意：如今，越来越多的博物馆免费向参观者开放。然而，免费入场也可能导致一些社会问题。故选C。

6.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查half的用法。句意：不像多数学生，Susan把她的苹果分成两半。half的复数形式是halves，故选A。

【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上，进一步掌握half的含义及用法。 7.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：平常的问候和一些关于天气的评论(remarks)之后，这些人开始了各忙各的事。statement“声明，陈述”；declaration“宣言，宣布”；expression“表情，表达”；remark“话语，评论”。根据语境可知，选D。

【点评】考查名词辨析。区分statement；declaration；expression和remark的含义。

8.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：对老师说的我们没弄懂。make sense of sth.“理解，弄懂”，根据句意选A. 【点评】本题要求考生在理解句义的基础上，进一步掌握sense的含义、用法以及构成的相关短语。 9.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：如果人们一直污染海洋的话，从长远来看 ，没有生物能够幸存。A. at all cost“不惜以任何代价”；B. for a long while“很长时间”；C. in the long run“从长远来看”；D. by no means“决不”。根据句意可知，海洋污染对生物的影响，故选C。

【点评】考查介词词短语，区分 at all cost； for a long while； in the long run和 by no means的含义。 10.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从一边转向另一边，看着镜子里的自己从严肃学究的表情瞬间变成了笑脸。A.impression 印象；B. expression表情，表达；C. conclusion总结； D. information信息；根据句意，故选B项。

11.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：在地震之后，当地做的第一件事就是给无家可归的家庭提供食宿。A食宿；B职业；C设备；D家具。根据空后homeless判断，选A。

考查基础知识的运用。对于此类题目，首先要对句意充分理解和基本语法点地掌握。区别每个名词【点评】

的具体含义，找出与题干要求相符的选项。 12.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：司机不注意周围的交通会引起事故。此处是动名词的否定形式作主语，且逻辑主语是名词所有格形式，所以第一个空应填Drivers' not paying；第二个空，an invitation to“------的一个邀请”，结合句意此空填invitation。故答案选B。 【点评】考查动名词和名词的辨析。 13.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析A. blow打击； B. issue问题； C. excuse借口； D. Factor要素，该句意思为这个失败对他来说是个打击，但是他没有泄气，很快振作恢复了原来的热情，故选A。

【点评】名词也是高考英语复习的重点。对名词的考点无处不在，尤其是在阅读写作的过程中，考生对于名词的熟悉程度对于成绩是有很大影响的，要加强词汇、短语的记忆，要避免单纯地死记硬背，应注意结合语境，在理解的基础上熟记典型例句和常用搭配，总结规律，并根据自己的记忆特点，选择科学的记忆方法。记忆单词应和阅读结合起来，把单词融入句子中和语境中，利用上下文来帮助记忆。 14.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析 A. concept概念；B.responsibility责任；C. identity 身份；D. personality 个性。句意：男护士很难雇佣到因为很多男士在长期的歧视中拒绝这种身份，故选C项。

15.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：玩太多的网络游戏对你的身体有害。A. good“好处”；B. harm“伤害，坏处”；C. wrong“错误”；D. honor“荣耀”。do harm to固定短语“对...有害”，故选B。 【点评】考查名词辨析，以及固定短语do harm to。 16.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”；故选C项

”和“ gave himself a new name【点评】考生解答本题的关键是抓住题干中的关键词“secret task（秘密任务）（给自己取了个新名字）”，然后推知肯定是为了“hide his identity（掩藏身份）”，从而锁定正确答案。 17.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】 war战争；campaign运动；motion运动，提议；struggle斗争。显然只有B项符合答语的句意，即“的确”！所以我们国家正在计划开展一项戒烟运动。故选B。

18.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：方法是指解决问题或处理困难的方法。 A： project“项目，工程”； B： suggestion“建议”； C： method“方法”，故选C。

【点评】考查名词，区分project；suggestion和method的含义。 19.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：——如果暴雨继续，怎么办？——来吧，伙计们！不管天气如何，我们都必须如期完成。A. standard“标准”；B. demand“要求”；C. deadline “最后期限”；D. satisfaction“满意”。根据whatever the weather“不管天气如何”可知，meet the deadline“赶上最后期限，按期完成”符合语境。故选C。 【点评】考查名词辨析，区分standard；demand；deadline和satisfaction的含义。 20.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：海地的人死于地震因为没有得到及时的救援。access“获得.....的机会”；admission“入”；approach“方法，途径” ； attention“注意”。have access to固定短语，“有获得......的机会”，选A。 场（券）

【点评】考查名词辨析，以及固定短语have access to。 21.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。A. belief信念；B. element 要素，成分；C. criterion标准，准则；D. instance情况。句意：我的老师经常说能挣钱并不总是一个好的生活成功的标准。故选C。

22.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：他们在大海中迷失了方向，任由风和天气的摆布。A. mess“混乱”；B. mercy“仁慈，摆布”；C. moment“时刻”；D. mixture“混合物”。at the mercy of固定短语，“ 由.....摆布”，故选B。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分mess； mercy；moment和mixture的含义以及固定短语at the mercy of。 23.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：在聘期内，甲方将为乙方提供80%的医疗费用。A.discount折扣；B.fare票价；C.fee费用；D.fine罚款。根据雇主要为雇员在雇佣期间承担医疗保险费，故选C。 【点评】考查名词的辨析，注意理解选项的意思，根据句意正确的选择。 24.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：从她的口音判断，我想她一定是从美国西部来的。voice“嗓音”；sound“声音”；noise“噪音”；accent“口音”。选D。

【点评】考查名词辨析，区分voice；sound；noise；accent的含义。 25.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：一些专家担心过早接触电脑会对儿童的发展产生有害影响。A. exposure“暴露，接触”；B. extension“扩大，扩展，延伸”；C. exhibition“陈列，展览”；D. expansion“扩张。扩充”。根据句意选A。 【点评】考查名词辨析，区分exposure；extension；exhibition和 expansio的含义。 26.【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想看医生，你要提前与他约定日期。这在美国是普遍的做法。common和practice连用，常表示“普遍的做法”，故选C。

【点评】考查名词，考查view，exercise，practice，reality的含义。 27.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：救护车花了大约十分钟到达事故现场，伤者很快被送往医院。A. scene“现场”；B. scenery“风景”；C. picture“图片”；D. view“观点”。故选A。

【点评】考查名词辨析，区分scene；scenery；picture和view的含义。 28.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：一块土地的面积的边界是人们想象中的一条线，它把它与其他地区分开。此题是关于名词的辨析。A. boundary“边界”；B.hurdle“障碍”；C. ceiling“上限”；D. neighborhood“社区”。故选A。 【点评】考查名词辨析，区分boundary；hurdle；ceiling；neighborhood的含义。 29.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：我们遵循传统，在除夕夜吃一顿有着丰盛美食的家宴。A. boom“繁荣”；B. division“分配”；C. reputation“名声”；D. abundance“丰富”。根据题意，故选D。

【点评】考查名词辨析，区分boom；division；reputation和 abundance的含义。 30.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：尽管有发达的医疗技术，很多美国人还是由于贫穷而无法享受到好的医疗保健。A. access“接近，使用”；B. entrance“入口”；C. introduction“介绍”；D. devotion”献身，奉献”。have (no) access to固定短语，“（无法）接近/获得”。故选A。

【点评】考查名词，以及固定短语have (no) access to。 31.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：由城市年轻一代所写的诗歌，趋向于揭露他们由于缺乏归属感而引起的焦虑。perspective“远景，观点，看问题的角度”；priority“优先权”；participation“参与，参加”；privilege“”。故选A。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分perspective，priority，participation，privilege的含义。 32.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：许多 国家正在提高他们天然气，风和其它形式能源的使用。A.energy“能源”；B.source“根源”；C.power“动力，权力”；D.material“原料”。natural gas和wind属于energy范畴。故选A。 【点评】考查名词辨析，区分energy；source；power和material的含义。 33.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。名词recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收条；句意：—你能告诉我你对幸福长寿的秘密吗？—当然是尽情享受每一天。根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符。

34.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：一场强台风袭击了这个地区，使列车暂停运行，现在已经恢复正常了。本题考查词组back to normal恢复正常。故选B。 【点评】考查名词辨析，牢记固定搭配。 35.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意为：许多年来，科学家们一直担心空气污染对地球的自然环境带来的影响。effect影响；result结果；account叙述，账目；cause原因，事业。科学家们应该是担心空气污染造成的影响。故选A。 【点评】考查名词辨析，注意理解词义，结合语境选择合适的单词。

36.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：我们每个人都又可能对特定的娱乐类型产生个人的偏爱。A. preference偏爱；B. interest兴趣；C. habit习惯；D. feature特征，容貌。根据句意可知选A。

【点评】考查名词的辨析及其在语境中的正确选择。 37.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意：风现在是世界上增长最快的电力资源。source ”资源“；sense”感觉、意识“；result”结果“；root”根源“。结合语境可知选A。

【点评】考查名词辨析，区分source，sense，result， root的含义。 38.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了逃避这些情况，Oliver逃到伦敦，在那里他受控于一个叫Fagin的男人。A. escape”逃脱“；goes”前进“；B. flee”逃走“；falls”下降“；C. avoid”避免“；drops”使掉下“；D. prevent“阻止”；turns“转动”。fall under the control of固定短语“落入……的控制之下'。故选B。 【点评】本题在考查学生理解句义的同时，更加重视对相近动词以及固定短语的区分。 39.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：她拜访穷亲戚时穿得比较俭朴，以免因摆阔而伤害他们的感情。根据句意选C。 40.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：为了与国家的足球改革相适应，一些学校必须做出调整。A.judgments“判断，决断”；B.adjustments“调整”；C.comments“评价，评论”；D.achievements“成就”。根据句意，选B。 【点评】考查名词辨析，区分judgment，adjustment，comment，achievement的含义。 41.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意：她很享受工作时的兴奋感。钱不是她唯一的动力。根据前面提到的excitement可知，该空指的是动力。A. breakthrough “突破”； B. performance“表演”；C. career “事业”； D. motivation“动力”。故选D。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分breakthrough；performance；career；motivation的含义。 42.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：——这个体育场是我们市的体育场的四倍大。——是的，据说它将是中国第二大体育场。倍数的表达方式有： + be + 倍数+ as + 形容词原级+ as + B； A + be + 倍数+ 形容词比较级+than + B；A + be + 倍数+ the + 名词(如size,heigh,t w e igh,t length,w idth等) + of + B。当序数词和形容词最高级前有名词所有格时，不再使用定冠词the，故选B。

【点评】考查倍数的表达，掌握其三种表达方式，以及名词所有格修饰序数词，形容词最高级。

43.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：鼓励女孩养成学习的方法。mean“平均数; 中间; 几何平均; 等比中数”，作“方式”解时，是means；way普通用词,可指一般的方法,有时也指个人的方法或方式,也可指特殊的方式或方法.；method指有系统、有条理地办事或解决问题的方法；approach指从事某事的特别方法、途径。根据题意，故选D。

【点评】本题要求考生既要掌握句子的含义，又要区分四个选项中名词的含义和用法。。 44.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：从口音判断，Jane肯定是个南方人。pronunciation”发音“；accent“口音”；voice”嗓音“；sound”声音“。故选B。

【点评】考查名词辨析，区分pronunciation，accent，voice，sound的含义。 45.【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】考查名词。A. priority优先，优先权； B. privilege；C. principle原则；D. prevention预防。句意：记住，预防胜于补救，所以每天至少要刷两次牙，并且要定期做牙科检查。故选D。

46.【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查名词。句意：随着这些美丽的地方吸引了许多游客，它们的保护受到威胁。A. threat”威胁“；B. control”控制“；C. repair”修理“；D. construction”建设“。A项符合语境。 【点评】本题考查考生对句义理解以及几个相近名词的辨析。 47.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：这并不意味着Guillermo放弃了他勤奋的个性和他成功的动力。A.desire“渴望、动力”；B.ability“能力”；C.need“需要”；D.quality“质量”。故选A。

【点评】考查名词辨析，区分desire；ability；need；quality的含义。 48.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】考查词组辨析。A 拜访、看望；B 上交、归还；C搜索；D检查。句意：怀疑他携带药品，所以他们检查了他的背包，但是没有发现任何东西。根据句意可判断应选D。 49.【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意：这个婴儿正在哭。请做一些事情让他停止哭泣。make sb. do sth , 只有在被动语态中才可以用 make sb. to do sth，排除C；stop to do sth.“停下来去做某事；stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，此句表示“停止哭泣”，故用stop doing sth.结构，故选B。

【点评】考查固定短语，掌握make sb. do sth ,的应用，区分stop to do sth.和stop doing sth.。 50.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：—你认识那边那个男孩吗？—他是我们公司的大老板，对他的员工很和蔼。A. cold fish“冷酷无情的人”；B. rotten apple“害群之马”；C. sly fox“狡猾的狐狸”； D. top banana“大老板，主要人物”。根据下文“treating his members kindly”可推断，他是一个主要人物，大老板。故选D。 【点评】考查名词短语辨析，区分cold fish；rotten apple；sly fox；top banana的含义。